Thursday, December 26, 2019

Career and Lifestyle Development Case Study

When people make their choices in life, they are influenced by the society that surrounds them by changing their social conditions in ways that may at some point encumber or even support their life with family. Interplay exists between an individual’s family and the society, and throughout the adulthood stage, an individual makes choices that are family related. Development is the movement, growth, and transition made by an individual from one state to another in life. This research has been able to state clearly the stages made by people who are developing from one stage to another. This change of state by individuals has brought about intellectual, physical powers, and the impacts brought about by events of life and different experiences of individuals (Carter Mcgoldrick, 2005). Monica explains her life span development theory with stages similar to that of Erickson and further ads that stressors in life originating from life situations, transitions, and socio-cultural events produce change to individuals (Boyd   . Bee, 2008).   Material, personal, or interpersonal situational stressors include things like loss of a home, income, and vehicle. They are mostly materialistic in nature. Life passages in an individual’s life are transitional stressors, which include transitions made by the family. Values, socialization, deviance, and conflict are examples of socio-cultural stressors. The factors associated with socio-cultural stressors include the ethnic group, sexual orientations discrimination, age, and status of people in the society. Stressors can be private (marriage, promotion) as well as negative (divorce, death experienced in the family). Human development is the study of physical, mental, and relational changes that are observable which occur to human beings when they are born, mature, age, and eventually die. Intrapsychic (inward), subjective changes in human beings are difficult to identify since they are unique to every individual even with common experiences shared. Human development studies in relation to basic principles or questions that are formative in nature have evolved and are being presented as dichotomies. Monica and Erickson’s theory considers the cycle of life from birth through to old age (eight stages) indicating the experiences of each individual (Brenman-Gibson, 1997). Each of the stages as presented by Erickson has its own value and should not be seen as being hierarchical. The early stages of an individual are the most basic and important since they serve as a foundation for later stages in a person’s development process.   Erickson’s life stages are useful because they give an overview of the issues of development that are pertinent for one’s counseling in many parts of North America and the United Kingdom. Adulthood covers many years thus, Monica and Erickson divided them into stages according to the experiences of the young, middle aged, and older adults. Early childhood stage takes the infancy- autonomy vs. shame and trust vs. mistrust, late (middle) childhood- industry vs. inferiority, adolescence- identity vs. confusion, early adulthood stage- intimacy vs. isolation, middle adulthood- generativity vs. stagnation, and late adulthood- integrity vs. despair (Herr Cramer, 1988). It is human to have a long childhood; it is civilized to have an even longer childhood. Long childhood makes a technical and mental prodigy out of man, but it also leaves a life-long filtrate of emotional juvenile behavior in him.— Erik Erikson (1902-1994). As individuals pass through the various life stages of development, so does the importance of their various counselors in their life who include parents, teachers, and peers among others thus bringing our opposite traits of personality (optimistic or pessimistic, independent or dependent, leader or follower, aggressive or passive). These traits can be temperament as well as learned based on the challenging experiences and support received as one grows. Erickson was influenced by Freud, but believed that the existing ego in an individual’s life is achieved from birth and the behavior acquired is not defensive. He concluded that development course is determined by bodily interaction (genetic programming biologically), psychological, and ethos influences (Newman Newman, 2008). Erickson’s philosophy is based on two themes: (1) the world we live in gets bigger as we go along and (2) failure is viewed as cumulative. The second theme asserts that, those individuals who have to pact with atrocious conditions in life when they were children are unable to negotiate at later stages compared to those individual who had less challenges when growing up. For example, he orphans who were never cared for (stroked) as they were growing up have hard times connecting with other members of their peer group especially when they mature to adulthood. Most of them have died without having experienced any contact from other human beings (Newman Newman, 2008). The first stage in Erickson and Monica’s development theory is the Infancy (oral sensory) stage, which covers birth to 18 months (trust vs. mistrust). The mother has an important role to play especially since the emphasis made for this stage are visual contact and touch. Kay a young female child passes this life period successfully and learns to trust having confidence in future expectations. If Kay had not had all her needs met during her growth, she would end up feeling worthless, frustrated, and would mistrust the general worldview being given by others. Most people who commit suicide are because of not trusting the world hence early years of development is crucial for any individual. The maternal parent or caregivers’ relationship developed becomes the most significant in this oral sensory stage (Newman Newman, 2008). Early childhood (18 months to 3 years) tries to develop the ego outcome to be that of autonomy vs. shame. In this stage, Kay learns to walk, talk, and feed, finer motor development, and toilet training skills. Her self-esteem and autonomy is being built in this stage by gaining more control of her body and acquiring new skills through differentiating wrong from right. Low self-esteem is experienced when she becomes ashamed of learning the important life skills like toilet training technique as a result; she feels ashamed and doubts her capability. Courage, self-control, and will are her basic strengths. The parents’ relations with her are important at this stage (Demick Miller, 1993). Play age (3 to 5 years) brings out the initiative vs. guilt ego development. Kay has the desire to copy the adults in her environment and initiates the situation of play creation by making up stories of playing out the roles in a trial universe environment. Here, she explores the use of the word â€Å"WHY?† Erickson downplays the sexuality, which is biological, and in favor of the features of psychosocial which are the conflicts between the parents and the child who in our case is Kay. They say that at this stage an individual becomes involved in â€Å"Oedipal struggle† which is classic and manages to resolve the struggle through the â€Å"social identification role.† Purpose being her basic power maintains that if she becomes frustrated over the acquisition of natural goals and desires, she easily experiences the guilt feeling (Newman Newman, 2008). School Age (6 to 12 years) ego development outcome is that of industry vs. inferiority. This is the latency stage where Kay is capable of learning, creating, and accomplishing new skills and knowledge thus, she becomes an industrious being. This social stage needs to be fully developed in order to reduce the competence and self-esteem problems. The school and neighborhood at large become the significant relationship to be observed even though the parents still play a role in the development of the child (Demick Miller, 1993). Adolescence (12 to 18 years) has the identity vs. role confusion in its ego outcome development. What is being done to us is the factor dependent in this developmental stage according to Erickson. From here on to the last stage, what we do is the primary factor of development. Kay tries to find her own identity by struggling with her social interactions in the society and come to grips with her moral issues. As she tries to discover herself individually separating her family and society from her process, she learns so many things that spill to her career and lifestyle development in future. In this stage, she has to make decisions that will reflect her future life. If she does not navigate through this phase of development successful, then she will experience confusion role and mayhem. Peers are our strong relations, but we should always be realistic in our encounters with them since we become too devoted (Demick Miller, 1993). Young adulthood (18 to 35 years) carries the intimacy and solidarity vs. isolation development of the ego. This stage is crucial in developing our careers and lifestyle especially since we are looking for companionship and love. Marital partners and friends will encourage us and will see to it that our careers are well built in order for us to acquire a good life in future. Lifestyles developed will depend on her peer pressure influence, which brings out her positive and negative sides in the end. Isolation will; not be the best route to take since we need other people for motivation, encouragement and experiences so as to choose a career path meeting all our needs and wants in a comfortable and happy environment (Demick Miller, 1993). Middle Adulthood stage (35 to 55/65) is the one that has generativity vs. self-absorption (stagnation) outcomes of the ego developed.   Our family and work occupy our minds since we need to be creative and have meaningful work, which leaves us with the issue of being in charge of others hence the lifestyle we choose to live in will determine the kind of perception your children will decide to have of the world. Generativity is the ability of a person to care for others by producing things that contribute to the improvement of the society hence one should not be inactive or without meaning. The work place, community, and family are the significant relationships (Demick Miller, 1993). Late Adulthood stage (55/65 to death) has integrity vs. despair in its ego development. Our strength in this stage comes from wisdom since the world we live in is very large and we have a disconnected apprehension for life as a whole by accepting death as our life’s completion on earth. Those parents in disparity at this stage are as a result of their perceived failures and experiences. According to them, the theory of development from this research has given adolescence stage as the one establishing identity in an individual’s life (Stafford, 1989). Donald Super says that career development in the past 40 years was a vocabulary since it did not exist. In most cases, people get married and live happily thereafter, but in the development of their careers, evolution has to take effect from experiences emerging in a person’s life. Career development has many facets or segments, and aspects, which make the whole theory process complete and valid. According to him, the life span stages include growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance, and decline. The establishment stage generally begins at age 25 and the maintenance stage looked at the theory of transition where recycling (women) came in also (Super, 1990). Growth stage (0-14) has pre-adolescents conversant of self-concept and workplace where they have been exposed to use computers, the web and back up resources. The transition that takes place from elementary to secondary school gives assumptions of early cluster of job in making decisions thus choosing appropriate study levels. Exploration stage has dynamism on antithetical hence the counselors and teachers give encouragements to students in being able to widen their research of full spectrum possible occupations. From the growth stage, we look at the establishment with particular reference on Career Consultants who are Pathing and as Cybertraining Consultants for the Press of Research Psychologists. A career pathing consultant is given an opportunity to interact with clients by interpreting inventories. The Cybertraining fellow on the other hand, uses e-resumes and online assessments on careers in his research. Both of these individuals share the same models of career decisions, stre sses, and types of stereotyping and mindsets of clients. In the last stage, maintenance, globalization, downsizing, and merges have had traumatic effects on the workers (The Bulletin, Spring 2003) Recycling in women is much clearer as compared to those of men with emphasis on career crises elements. This transition needs to be coped with by both men and women, but the frequency of this element differs in both parties. Fixedness of these stages has been taken by women to be important especially since they saw these stages as being age related and thus they had no general application to their sequence of life. Productive and meaningful career development studies of women give focus to the determinants (situational and personal). Situational determinants are associated with sociologists who refer to structures of opportunity, to the social attitudes, and mores while personal determinants are linked to the psychologists who give emphasis on how the people interact (Santrock, 2008). Self-concept should not have the article â€Å"the† but ‘role’ which are complex in nature. For example, a high school student who considers himself a good scholar, but poor athletes are seen as role self-concepts, which are important constellations (positive or negative self-concepts). Individuals need to deal with realities in life that comes with stressors and concepts thus counselors need to help individuals make the accidental happenings happy. For instance, bright girls who ought to be attending colleges could not go because they cannot afford it should be awarded scholarships by their learning institutions in order to help them overwhelm their negative predictions and change them to happy accidents happening. People should be able to clearly examine their realities, assimilate them, and find a solution to them (Super, 1990). Career theories give matching to individuals and their occupations by looking at their interests, abilities, activities, and achievements. Emergent decisions should be made from those approximations of success by any individual especially those of ages 14 and 15. Maturity of career or developments, planning, and knowledge are measure applications used in explaining and exploring the kinds of decisions made by the person, to be able to make decisions that are tentative and hence subject to revision with ones experiences at hand, and be able to make long term decisions involving your study. Work importance and life roles like study, work, homemaking, leisure time, and community hence when a person considers work as lacking importance he/she qualifies to be recognized as being vocationally mature. The components of this level of maturity include planning of the career, its exploration, the world of work knowledge and skills, skills in decision making of career choice, and the preferred occupation of the individual (Holland, 1985). The concept of vocational amplified by Super gives acknowledgment to the distinct characteristics (self) of the individual while acknowledging simultaneously the similarities of other people. An individual makes vocational decisions that are consistent with his/her self-concept since the processes of identification progress with that of differentiation concurrently. The role-playing in the self-concept theory facilitates the development process of vocational theory of self-concept by doing a reality test, which in turn solidifies the whole concept (Patton McMahon, 2006). Lining up experiences from the past with assumptions that have underlying assumptions in an individual’s life does equate them to the choice manifestation, environment, and opportunity. The experiences that one obtains during his developmental stages pave way to his/her career choice. For example, if one is born in a family where the parents are drunkards, the child might decide to become a counselor in order to give advice to other children who want to engage in the vice of drinking while others might get involved in drug taking and abuse at an early age in life. The opportunity that life presents itself in one’s development stages reflects greatly on the assumptions made by an individual. Those who have plenty of opportunities at their disposal become reluctant in choosing careers since they have a variety of them to choose from while those with insufficient funds have minimal career choices due to the fact that they can afford a majority of them. The environment that one grows in will determine their career development process since the teachers, coaches, and community at large need to contribute in building of their career, which is a long process, all together (Herr Brook, 1990). The age of individuals at different life span development stages comes with different choices. Those who are in their early stages will make choices depending on their parents’ decision and lead while those in their mid stages are bias and think only of themselves. The older adults will make choices bearing in mind that there are so many people who will be affected They put the needs and feelings of others first especially because they have children who need guidance and counseling (Magnusson, 1997). In conclusion, Super did could have planned this outcome from the beginning. However, it is a process that is inevitable since not all individuals in that particular stage will undergo all of them at the same time.   Many people in the 21st century are making changes in their careers in their late stages of life rather than retiring because they were not ready in their early stages of life to make decisions that are going to build them. The most important side effect of this life span development is the advances made in career paths by allowing people to intervene in their decision making process hence their trends in work places generate gains from the societal. References: Brenman-Gibson, M (1997), The legacy of Erik Homburger Erikson., Psychoanalytic review. Boyd, D, . Bee, H. (2008). Lifespan Development.   MA: Allyn and Bacon. Carter, B., Mcgoldrick, M. (2005). The Expanded Family Life Cycle: Individual, Family, and Social Perspectives. MA: Allyn Bacon. Carter, B., and McGoldrick, M. (1988). The Changing Family Life Cycle: A Framework for Family Therapy. New York: Gardner Press. Demick, J., Miller, M. (1993). Development in the workplace. New York: Routledge. Herr, E., Brooks, L. (1990). Career choice and development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Herr, E. Cramer, S. (1988). Career guidance and counseling through the life span. Boston:  Scott, Foresman. Holland, J. (1985). Making vocational choices. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Magnusson, D. (1997). The lifespan development of individuals: behavioral, neurobiological, and psychosocial perspectives: a synthesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Newman, M., Newman, R. (2008). Development through Life: A Psychosocial Approach. New York: Cengage Learning. Patton, W., McMahon, M. (2006). Career development and systems theory: connecting theory and practice. Chicago: Sense Publishers, 2006.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stafford, Tim.   (1989). As Our Years Increase-Loving, Preparing: A Guide. Grand Rapids: Zondervan. Santrock, J. (2008). Life Span Development. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill. Super, D. (1990). A life-span, life-space, approach to career development. In D. Brown L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. The Bulletin Spring 2003 A Look at Donald Super’s stages of Career Development in the 21st Century. Retrieved Sunday, 01 March 2009 from http://www.contactpoint.ca/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=354catid=58Itemid=37.

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Education Planning - 4525 Words

Significance of Goal Setting In Educational Planning. Abstract This discussion looks into education planning by explaining how forces of stability and change have impacted education planning. It expounds on the role of education planning. It explains what is involved in goal setting and gives the importance of goal setting in education planning. Table of Contents 1.0 Education Planning 4 1.1 Need for Change 4 1.2 Conflicting Forces of Stability and Change 5 2.0 Role of Education Planning 6 2.1 Defining Goals and Objectives 7 2.2 Analysis of the existing situation 8 2.3 Generating Systems and Policies 9 3.0 Goal Setting 9 3.1 Clarity Challenge 9 3.2 Commitment 10 3.3 Feedback 11 3.4 Task Complexity 11 4.0 Importance†¦show more content†¦Both supply and demand for education have to be met in equal proportion. In Kenya introduction of The Education For all Policy has brought about an imbalance between supply and demand. Excesses in demand are brought about by increase in enrolment of pupils into schools. Shortage of supply is due to limited administrative ability in school systems to handle the high increase in demand, Length of time and availability of resources needed to recruit and develop competent staff to handle new pupils, Availability of resources and manpower needed to construct new schools/ classrooms for the new pupils (Coombs, 1970). The government has promptly responded to the demand for change. It has planned to meet the increase in demand for education by making education free for all. It is however faced with the challenge of maintaining stability in terms of accessibility, equity, relevance and quality. Another area that has seen the conflict between the forces of stability and change has bee Online and Distance Education which be seen as a product and a producer of globalization. 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Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Entrepreneurship in China Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurship in China. Answer: Since the last few decades, China has risen from poor developing nation to a great economic power. Till the year 1978, China was under the scrutiny of Chairman Mao Zedong and directed a planned economy (Gan, Hernandez, and Shuang 2016). Majority of the countrys share output was controlled and directed by the state. During the period of 1950s, all Chinese individual household were taken together as large communes. Within the period 1960 and 70s, the central government has undertaken large-scale investments both in human and physical capital to support the increasing trend of industrialization. Foreign invested firms and private enterprises were usually barred. The major of the government was to make the economy of the country relatively self-sufficient. The foreign trade policy was only limited to such goods that could not be generated or obtained in China. According to Liu et al. (2014) such kinds of policies were the major cause of distortions in the economy. Most of the economical aspects were managed by the central government and hence there was no mechanism in market to allocate the resources. Chinas reform and urbanization was initiated after 1978 due to the practice of dual- track price liberalization. According to Zhao (2016), the rise of village enterprises, township and opening to various international trades was very major step taken by China. The dual track price liberalization and rise of township enterprises made the state-owned enterprises to face major competition. On the other hand, according to Hong and Jinfeng (2016) the development of international trade made the domestic firms to face major competition. With the rise in competition after the reform, the firms incentives for adopting modern technologies also increased at a rapid pace. The political system of China is centralized in nature, which allows the country for regional competition and experimentation. During the period of reformation, various technologies were imported by China from the western countries rather than from Soviet Union. As per the Chinese government statistics, the real GDP of China grew at an average annual rate of 6.7% from the year 1953 to 1978 (Cho and Candy 2014). Earlier in the year 1979, China started launching various economic reforms methods. The central government started initiating ownership and price incentives for the farmers. These practices enabled the farmers to sell their portion of crops in the free market. Moreover, the government also established four major SEZ (special economic zones) for attracting investment from foreign countries, importing high-tech products and boosting exports of China. The local middle income citizens were also encouraged to initiate their own businesses. Various additional reforms were made in several sectors with the main motive to decentralize the economic policy making. Economic controls related to various enterprises were given to local and provincial governments. This was usually allowed to compete and operate on free market principles instead of gu idance and direction of state planning. Moreover the state price controls on various products range were slowly eliminated. According to Mitchell, Marie and Allen (2014) a country may be identified as middle-income status for a prolonged period unable to transform itself to a high income status. This phase is usually called the middle income trap. A middle income country cannot easily be able to compete with a low income country as the wage rate is too high in middle income country. On the other hand, according to Newell et al. (2016) middle income country is unable to compete with high income countries as the development and research capacity of a middle income country is too low. For a period of more than 30 years of high growth China is currently considered to be upper middle income nation. As per the World Bank, in the year 2016 Chinas per capita GDP was ascertained to be 8,123.2 dollars. Chinas growth process is a major process of integration involved into a greatest economy in the world. China has a population size of over 1.3 billion; therefore the level of nations integration into the world is very unprecedented in history. Feldman (2016) commented that nations with high income status usually avoids the middle-income trap. Large countries are unable to rely on only service sector. Therefore it becomes necessary to develop and adapt innovative technologies that are vital for the growth of manufacturing sector. This would help the country to avoid the middle- income trap. As per Yen, Dorothy Ai-wan and Abosag (2016), China avoids the middle-income trap by the development of technological capacities and manufacturing sectors. The opposition of Industrialization by the various land owners in China was quiet impossible due to land reforms in 1950. Before 1978, huge capitals were accumulated due to the sacrifices made by the citizens. After 1978, due to adequate development in the manufacturing sector resulted china in becoming a middle-income country. In the recent times, China has huge income inequality. China will be able to avoid the middle-income trap by providing free resources access, reducing income i nequalities, opportunities to its citizen and building crucial innovative capacities. On the other hand, Macve (2015) has argued that by the development of interest group can harm the economic growth in a stable society. Interest groups such as landowners can deliberately harm the manufacturing sector development in various countries. The government of the country if proved to be weak would be unable to implement significant policies related to industrialization. The countrys manufacturing sector would therefore be easily captured by the interest groups. Though the concept of middle income trap could be considered to be controversial but there is a high rise in the theory of middle income trap (Wang, Rong and Yanhong 2014). For China, technological improvement is highly essential to avoid the middle income trap as mentioned by Feng, Johansson, and Zhang (2015). Building of infrastructures, financial development and industrial upgrading are highly important for China to avoid the middle income trap. Industrial upgrading mostly depends on the countrys technological progress. As mentioned by Wang et al. (2016), developing infrastructure and technological capabilities are generally complementary in nature. Moreover, financial development will help in reducing the technological cost related to the manufacturing firms. Though the development of technological capabilities is necessary for the growth of middle-income country, it is not necessary for the low-income country. Technological improvement is highly essential to avoid the middle-income trap. As mentioned by Ahlstrom and Zhujun (2014) prominent amount of per capita income is usually related with the high level of labor productivity that can only be achieved through effective and improved technologies. Development of Chinese technological capabilities is also greatly influenced by the policies of the government. During the early 1990s, Chinas investment and trade reforms as well as incentives led to a major surge in the foreign direct investments (FDI). This resulted in major productivity gain of the country and rapid trade and economic growth. As per Shou et al. (2014), China has currently become a major recipient of FDI in the global level. Moreover also provides great FDI outflow globally. In 2016, The FDI outflows of China were resulted to be $183 billion, which makes it the second- largest FDI provider in the world. As per Barnes et al. (2015) the sharp rise in Chinas FDI outflow globally in the recent few years was driven by various numbers of factors. These included the government policies of China and their significant initiatives to motivate and support firms to go-global. The Chinese government uses FDI to gain major access to various technology, know-how, IPR and famous brands. This strategy was used to move the value of Chinese firms in services and manufacturing sectors. This resulted in boosting the countrys domestic innovation and Chinese brands development, which further helped the firms in becoming global competitors. Moreover, the rising labor costs and slow economical condition of China has led major Chinese overseas FDI. This was done in order to help the business firm in expanding the business opportunities as well as diversifying risks beyond the Chinese market. In few cases, it is done to relocate the lower competitive firms from the country to other low-cost countries. As per the reports of Chinas Ministry of Foreign Trade (MOFCOM) for the year 2016, the non-financial FDI of China in BRI countries were totaled to $14.5 billion and were signed with such countries. On the other hand as suggested by Macve (2015) the increased outflows of FDI may also be the result of the government of China making an attempt to diversify its reserves holdings in foreign exchange. Moreover, recently it has been ascertained that the large share of Chinas reserves had been moved to portfolio investments, such as in U.S. treasury securities. These securities are comparatively safe and liquid in nature though small returns are availed. As per the government data on non- financial FDI of China, the greatest sources of FDI in China for the period 1979-2016 were Macau and Hong Kong. They were followed by British Virgin Island (BVI), Japan, Singapore and the United States. The new go-global strategy encouraged the Chinese business entities especially SOEs to make major investment in overseas. The key element responsible for the huge investments was Chinas great accumulation of the various foreign exchange reserves. In the year 2007, the government of China officially launched China Investment Corporation (CIC) to gain more profitable returns from its foreign exchange reserves. Moreover, this will help in diversifying it away from its U.S. dollar holdings. As per Newell et al. (2016) another major relevant factor related to the governments drive for encouraging more outward flow of FDI was to obtain maximum natural resources like, minerals and oils. Ultimately, the government of China has indicated its major goal of gen erating its own globally competitive business entities with their very own brands. According to Feldman (2016), acquiring the foreign entities or investing in them is currently ascertained to be the biggest techniques of Chinese firms to obtainmanagement skills, technology and also international recognized brands. This helps China to become more competitive in the global business environment. In the year 2005, a Chinese computer company better known as Lenovo Group Limited purchased the computer division of IBM Corporation for more than $1.75 billion. In the same manner, as per Wang et al. (2016) overseas FDI in new businesses and plants that is viewed as growing international Chinese entities with major research and development operations and production facilities all around the world. In the current scenario, China is now regarded as an upper middle- income nation. As per Newell et al. (2016), due to the rise in wage rates, the comparative advantage related to the labor intensive goods has diminished. It is important for China to switch from the factor based to innovation or efficiency based growth. The Chinese government and business needs to properly rationalize their behavior for being more effective and efficient. Moreover, as mentioned by Liu et al. (2014) better technologies will also lead to reducing the demands for all the natural resources. Advent of better technological advances as well as creating fair and equal opportunities enables development of the society. The economic growth of China would not only be proved to be beneficial for the Chinese but even for the rest of the world. The manufacturing sector faces major challenges related to diversion of resources and rising costs. The medium and small-sized manufacturing entities help in lowering the concentration of unequal distribution while playing a major emphasis in innovations. The State Owned Enterprises (SOE) is occupied in various infrastructures, resources and financial sectors in China have generally high monopoly power. According to Macve (2015) the manufacturing sector of Chinese business is big but not strong. The automobile industry of China is still dominated by foreign entities and monopolizing technologies. The technological capabilities needed to be improved for the Chinese firms to become strong in the global business environment. The ultimate development of all the technological capabilities is completely dependent on the domestic firms that unbundles the foreign technologies as well as developing indigenous technologies. Therefore it can be concluded that maintaining equal-access society and through proper development of innovative and technological capabilities, China would be able to avoid the middle-income trap. Furthermore, there are positive signs related to Chinas sustained growth as the exports of the country has become highly sophisticated driven by technological and skill improvements. In the current times, the Chinese Government also has high interest to encourage innovation for the future growth of China through its go-global strategy. References: Ahlstrom, David, and Zhujun Ding. "Entrepreneurship in China: an overview."International Small Business Journal32, no. 6 (2014): 610-618. Barnes, Bradley R., Leonidas C. Leonidou, Noel YM Siu, and Constantinos N. Leonidou. "Interpersonal factors as drivers of quality and performance in WesternHong Kong interorganizational business relationships."Journal of International Marketing23, no. 1 (2015): 23-49. Cho, Vincent, and Candy Lau. "An integrative framework for customizations on satisfaction: the case of an online jewelry business in China."Journal of Service Science andManagement 7, no. 02 (2014): 165. Feldman, Steven P. "TROUBLE IN THE MIDDLE: AMERICAN-CHINESE BUSINESS RELATIONS, CULTURE, CONFLICT, AND ETHICS."International journal of organizational innovation7, no. 1 (2014). Feng, Xunan, Anders C. Johansson, and Tianyu Zhang. "Mixing business with politics: political participation by entrepreneurs in China."Journal of Banking Finance59 (2015): 220-235. Gan, Li, Manuel A. Hernandez, and Shuang Ma. "The higher costs of doing business in China: Minimum wages and firms' export behavior."Journal of International Economics100 (2016): 81-94. Hong, Jin, and Jinfeng Lu. "Assessing the effectiveness of business incubators in fostering SMEs: evidence from China."International Journal of Entrepreneurship and InnovationManagement 20, no. 1-2 (2016): 45-60. Liu, Hefu, Weiling Ke, Kwok Kee Wei, and Zhongsheng Hua. "Moderating role of ownership type in the relationship between market orientation and supply chain integration in E-business in China."Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM)22, no. 4 (2014): 34-53. Macve, Richard H. "Fair value vs conservatism? Aspects of the history of accounting, auditing, business and finance from ancient Mesopotamia to modern China."The British Accounting Review47, no. 2 (2015): 124-141. Mitchell, Anne Marie, and Sandra Allen. "A qualitative analysis of the curriculum for career-ready graduates from the perspective of academics and business professionals: China, Europe and the United States."Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice14, no. 1 (2014): 100. Newell, Stephen J., Bob Wu, Duke Leingpibul, and Yang Jiang. "The importance of corporate and salesperson expertise and trust in building loyal business-to-business relationships in China."Journal of Personal Selling SalesManagement 36, no. 2 (2016): 160-173. Shou, Zhigang, Jun Chen, Wenting Zhu, and Lihua Yang. "Firm capability and performance in China: The moderating role of guanxi and institutional forces in domestic and foreign contexts."Journal of Business Research67, no. 2 (2014): 77-82. Wang, Delu, Gang Ma, Xuefeng Song, and Yun Liu. "Political connection and business transformation in family firms: Evidence from China."Journal of Family Business Strategy7, no. 2 (2016): 117-130. Wang, Yong, Rong Pei, and Yanhong Liu. "The evolution of family business in China: an institutional perspective."International Journal of Management Practice7, no. 2 (2014): 89-107. Yen, Dorothy Ai-wan, and Ibrahim Abosag. "Localization in China: How guanxi moderates SinoUS business relationships."Journal of Business Research69, no. 12 (2016): 5724-5734. Zhao, Jiangning. "A Conceptual Discussion on the Peculiarity of Doing Business in ChinaA Framework Extracted from Critical Review of HBSP China Case Studies."International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management (IJECM)4, no. 4 (2016): 411-452.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Poultry Rearing. free essay sample

A prospective poultry producer is expected to furnish and maintain the best possible housing, equipment and daily management to assure maximum performance. Marketing needs may change your types of production such as sizes of the birds. The industry produces small birds for Cornish hens, very large birds for deboning and all sizes in between. Cooperation by the companies and poultry producers will help both be successful. Below are some facts that may help you decide if poultry farming is for you. Poultry Houses 1. A contract to grow poultry must be made with a poultry company before building any poultry houses. . Property should be located where access to the complex facilities – feed mill, processing plant, hatchery etc. – is relatively easy. 3. Poultry houses must conform to industry standards and may vary from company to company. 4. Poultry house equipment must conform to industry standards and may vary as well. 5. Poultry house locations are regulated by the S. We will write a custom essay sample on Poultry Rearing. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page C. DHEC 6. The areas around the poultry buildings must be able to accommodate feed trucks, catch and haul equipment and other traffic. 7. Size and number of houses will be decided upon with the poultry company before any construction. . If you are considering purchasing an existing poultry operation, the company that you will be growing for needs to visit the property along with you to determine if it is suitable for growing birds. At this time, building improvements and extra equipment can be discussed. Finances 1. The lending agency that you decide to use will help you with the financial arrangement. 2. Levels of income from the proposed poultry operation need to be reviewed with company personnel. Study the contracts carefully. You cannot plan on getting average pay on the contact each flock. You should plan to have reserves to cover your expenses in the case of low pay periods and longer times due to market conditions etc. There is no set amount of income you can expect to receive? however, the financial swings in poultry are less than other commodities. 3. Enough insurance to cover the cost of buildings and loss of income following a disaster – storm, ice etc. is a must. It should be reviewed annually to determine that the farm is adequately covered. 4. Money management and cash flow are very important as well as a good financial record keeping system for the poultry operation. Other Considerations . Your poultry company will have a management program that all growers are expected to follow. Your field representative will work closely with you on what is expected and the best ways to produce a quality product. You need to discuss the time required to manage your houses so that you may plan for labor needs. 2. Keep your buildings and equipment properly maintained and in top working order. Preventative maintenance is a daily job. More maintenance is required on an older house and equipment. 3. Always be ready in advance for bird arrival. Your field representative will work with you to prepare your houses. The first few days are critical to good performance. 4. The house must be at the proper temperature (to program specifications), feed and water ready and environmental controls working properly. 5. Be prepared to spend considerable time with your flock, especially during the first few days, to assure proper environment and husbandry. 6. Keep good flock records—mortality, feed deliveries, vaccinations, etc. 7. Collect and dispose of dead birds daily, along with monitoring feed, water and air. Good housekeeping is vital to success. 8. Your main job is to manage the flock throughout the production period. Report problems to your field representative immediately. 9. Be aware that the size of the birds produced and time between batches may vary according to market demand. 10. Vacation needs to be scheduled around flocks. 11. Be vigilant in your biosecurity. Allow only authorized personnel on the farm, avoid going to other farms yourself and avoid contact with all other forms of poultry. Critical Management Factors 1. Temperature – Should be kept at optimum level regardless of age of birds or season. Your system should be able to respond to changing weather conditions night and day. 2. Ventilation – replaces oxygen used by birds, removes moisture and ammonia and must continually be monitored. 3. Feed and water – Keep plentiful and clean according to production program. 4. Husbandry – study the flock daily for signs of discomfort, disease, proper feed and water consumption. With experience, you should be able to look at the birds and determine if they have a problem. 5. Understand that you are working with a live animal that may have special needs. 6. Culling chickens is a key part of the job. Outside the House 1. Disposal of dead birds must be done according to state regulations. Your field manager will recommend proper methods. 2. Depending on the size of your operation, you may need additional equipment. 3. Keep a supply of spare parts for inhouse equipment, so that problems can be solved quickly. 4. No run off water should be able to get into the house. Keep drainage around the houses open and operable. 5. All access roads need to be in good shape with easy access to feed bins and poultry houses. 6. Weeds and grass need to be mowed around the house and farm to reduce rodent and other problems. 7. Understand environmental challenges created by poultry operations such as dust, smell, nutrient management, etc. . No chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides or medications should be used in or around poultry houses without approval by company. Conclusion The suggestions listed above may not fit all situations and company programs. Work closely with your field representatives to conform to company policy and assure success in your operation. Â · It is rec ommended that you work in a poultry operation before getting into the business. Â · Understand that this is a long term decision. Â · This list may not necessarily reflect what will happen on every farm.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Free Essays on Where Are You Going Where Have You Been

The Role Men and Women Have Played Through-out Time Have the roles of women and men changed through out time; if the roles have changed what are the changes? Can looking at children’s picture books portray these changes? After analysis of five books found in the garage at home, there may be evidence in the books that would suggest that man’s role has maintained but the woman’s role has only somewhat changed. The way that women view their selves and the way women are view by men. The Little Engine That Could wrote by Watty Piper1930. In this book, the female dolls wore very bright, colorful and cute little dresses with either a ribbon in their hair or a hat with flowers. The male dolls wore bright relaxed looking outfits and hats. In addition, the older men wore suits. Mr. Piper also gave gender to the trains. The male trains are dark, rough and sharp looking while the female trains are very bright, soft and gentle looking. In 1973, Walt Disney produced a book about Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. In this book, the female wore a bright colorful dress with a ribbon in her hair the same as the female in The Little Engine That Could. The male still looked about the same, but many of them wore beards. This story shows more about the roles of male and female though. It shows the female as loving and caring as she cleans up after the males and feeds them. It also shows the female animals as loving and caring, as they seemed to get comfort from the strong males who seemed to be the protectors. The males seemed to go out during the daytime with their tools to go work while the female stayed at home. Walt Disney also produced Cinderella in 1974. In this book, the females wore bright beautiful dresses, ribbons in their long hair. The older women wore darker more subtle dresses and jewelry with a much more sophisticated look. Even though the dresses looked uncomfortable the women spent time preparing there self’s for the m... Free Essays on Where Are You Going Where Have You Been Free Essays on Where Are You Going Where Have You Been The Role Men and Women Have Played Through-out Time Have the roles of women and men changed through out time; if the roles have changed what are the changes? Can looking at children’s picture books portray these changes? After analysis of five books found in the garage at home, there may be evidence in the books that would suggest that man’s role has maintained but the woman’s role has only somewhat changed. The way that women view their selves and the way women are view by men. The Little Engine That Could wrote by Watty Piper1930. In this book, the female dolls wore very bright, colorful and cute little dresses with either a ribbon in their hair or a hat with flowers. The male dolls wore bright relaxed looking outfits and hats. In addition, the older men wore suits. Mr. Piper also gave gender to the trains. The male trains are dark, rough and sharp looking while the female trains are very bright, soft and gentle looking. In 1973, Walt Disney produced a book about Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. In this book, the female wore a bright colorful dress with a ribbon in her hair the same as the female in The Little Engine That Could. The male still looked about the same, but many of them wore beards. This story shows more about the roles of male and female though. It shows the female as loving and caring as she cleans up after the males and feeds them. It also shows the female animals as loving and caring, as they seemed to get comfort from the strong males who seemed to be the protectors. The males seemed to go out during the daytime with their tools to go work while the female stayed at home. Walt Disney also produced Cinderella in 1974. In this book, the females wore bright beautiful dresses, ribbons in their long hair. The older women wore darker more subtle dresses and jewelry with a much more sophisticated look. Even though the dresses looked uncomfortable the women spent time preparing there self’s for the m...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Criticizing the Successful

Criticizing the Successful Clint Eastwood and squinting. JK Rowling and YA. Clean billionaire romance stories and $80K in sales. Last week a blog poster bashed Clint Eastwood and his squinty eyes, saying he had only one look. Whether you feel he is or isnt limited in his screen personalities, Mr. Eastwood became quite successful acting, writing, producing, and directing stories. Hes highly respected and made a lot of money being so. . . limited. In JK Rowlings early years of Potter, she was accused of promoting evil, demonism, and anti-Christianity. Today shes revered and most people dont recall what those earlier days were all about. A handful of authors jumped on clean billionaire romance stories of 40,000-50,000 words, capitalizing on 50 Shades of Grey only wanting to make them G-rated and quick reads. A friend of mine made $80,000 with those books one year, and her cohorts in the sub-genre made six figures. I love Clint Eastwood, have never read Potter, and do not enjoy reading cozy romance. However, I will indeed admire the business acumen of anyone who figures out a niche, a marketing gimmick, a subgenre, or a voice, and becomes successful at it. I can respect the skills while not enjoying the product.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Research Methodology for Fair trade products as a means of increasing Essay

Research Methodology for Fair trade products as a means of increasing consumer confidence in the Contract Catering sector - Essay Example A research design may be either qualitative or quantitative. The methodology is an explanatory of the procedure connect in the field of the consumer behaviour with respect to fair trade products in the contract catering sector of the hospitality industry. This methodology is the way to analytically solve the troubles that are in involved in the research. The methodology is evaluated by the analyst and the outsiders are not involved in the assortment of the methodology. For the outstanding research the methodology should be systematic, logical, empirical and replicable. The role of fair trade products in securing customer confidence in the contract catering sector is very high. Quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted in conducting the research process. The contextual background was identified and the priority areas were discussed. Research was conducted in schools, universities and offices to understand the customer’s confidence in the use of fair trade products. â€Å"The consumers are critics are proposing several schemes which, includes "fair trade" coffee, using of fresh quality standards in restricting imports.† (Kelly 2010). The research methods included both quantitative and qualitative methods. â€Å"Inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning are both subsumed under scientific inquiry, yet they characterize a distinction between purely qualitative and purely quantitative methods.† (Newman & Benz 1998, p.17). Research shows that â€Å"Everyone in the â€Å"value chain† benefits from fair trade.† (Who benefits from fair trade? 2010) from the producers to the consumers. â€Å"Products certified with the fair trade logo guarantee strict standards worldwide on certain environmental, labor and remuneration aspects.† (Chen et al., 2009, p. 67). Research Methodology is â€Å"the section of a research proposal in which the methods to be used are described. The

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Rolls-Royce and the Stock Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Rolls-Royce and the Stock Market - Case Study Example Factors that are apt to influence the market are inflation, exchange rates, government takeover and marketing needs. In this paper an effort will be made to determine why Rolls-Royce plc had such serious difficulties in the 1970s and how they either have, or should try to, offset any difficulties that might arise. Over the past 20 years, with successful deregulation and innovation in important areas of the economy, Britain has been doing well, and in keeping with that economy, Rolls-Royce has also been doing well. This was not always the case for the company. The 1970s were a time of instability for Rolls-Royce, so much so they almost went out of business completely, declaring bankruptcy in 1971. At the end of the decade, Rolls-Royce was in trouble again when their exchange rate predictions went awry. Could the company have foreseen the difficulties they would be facing in their engine production and was their financial crisis due to lack of foresight or a roll of the dice With empirical research, up-to-date news, government articles and papers on the business economy, an effort will be made to answer this question. Henry Royce built the first motor car in 1904 and joined with Charles Rolls to manufacture and sell a range of cars in Britain under the name Rolls-Royce. The company was formed in 1906 and within a year, the Silver Ghost, a six-cylinder car, was lauded as the best in the world. At the start of World War I, Royce designed his first aero engine, the Eagle, which provided half the horsepower used by the Allies in the air war. With the production of the "R" engine, business continued and Rolls-Royce gained the technological base to develop the Merlin, used in the Battle of Britain during World War II, and the gas turbine for the civil aviation market which led to the Comet, the first turbo jet to enter transatlantic service . In 1960 the Conway engine in the Boeing 707 became the first turbofan to enter the airline service ("History: Timeline, 2004; "The History of Rolls-Royce Motor Cars" [online]). Rolls-Royce was enjoying success as the only "British aircraft engine company that cou ld contemplate competing in global markets" (Lazonick and Prencipe, 2004, p.6). In 1966, Rolls-Royce and Bristol Siddley merged and continued production of the Rolls-Royce aero engines in both companies. However, with each company retaining old loyalties, integration was never complete, perhaps creating the first crack in the veneer of the heretofore financially solid, growing business. At the same time, American Airlines in the United States announced a contest for a new trans-Atlantic aircraft. Both Douglas and Lockheed responded with designs, the DC-10 and the Lockheed L-1011, respectively. The designs were

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Promise Essay Example for Free

Promise Essay The teacher walked into the classroom. It was the first period that day. â€Å"Good morning, everyone. How was your holiday? † Mrs. Jane asked. â€Å"Great! † â€Å"Fun! † â€Å"Exciting! † Those were the words came from every student in the class describing their end-year holidays. Of course holiday is fun and interesting days for everyone. But, for Jessica, it was a boring holiday since her parents rarely spent their times with her due to their busy schedules even during her school holidays. She just kept quiet as if she did not hear when Mrs. Jane asked them. She seems hardly opened her mouth since she entering the class. After sometimes Mrs. Jane realized that Jessica disliked her school holidays. She quickly switches her topic. â€Å"Okay, now. Everyone, I’m going to introduce you to your new classmate, Tiffany,† announced Mrs. Jane. She welcomes Tiffany to the classroom. Mrs. Jane then asked her to introduce herself. After that she asked her to sit beside Jessica. â€Å"Hi, I’m Jessica. Nice to meet you,† Jessica greeted her with a broad smile. â€Å"Nice to meet you too,† Tiffany said with a broad smile too. Mrs. Jane smiled to herself when she saw that Jessica smiled broadly. Mrs. Jane felt relief knowing that Jessica was happy to have a new friend. Alright, everyone~ Let’s start our first lesson today,† Mrs. Jane told the class. The lesson for the day was very interesting as the students seemed to be enjoying the lesson. It was at about 2pm everyone was waiting for the final bell to ring that marked the end of the lesson of the day. Jessica and tiffany walked hand-in-hand on their way home. â€Å"Do you usually walk home? † Tiffany asked Jessica while walking along the corridor. â€Å"Yes. I’d rather walking than going by car,† Jessica told her. â€Å"I used to walk too,† said Tiffany. â€Å"Hey†¦ can I ask you something? † Jessica asked. â€Å"Sure. Why not? † Tiffany wondering what is she going to ask her. Can we be friend? † Jessica asked. Her face turned reddish red. Tiffany giggled. â€Å"Why are you asking that silly question? We’re already friends,† she said. â€Å"What? Really? Thanks! † Jessica said and hugged her tightly. â€Å"No problem,† Tiffany said and Jessica released the hug. â€Å"Now, let us promise,† she said. â€Å"What? † â€Å"Let’s be friend forever no matter what happen. Even if we were separated one day, we will always keep in touch, okay? † She told her. â€Å"Okay~ I promise. † Jessica said. After promising to each other, they headed to their own home. Day after day, their relationship became closer and closer. They always spent their weekend together at each other’s home. During the holiday, Jessica spent her holiday with tiffany and her family since Jessica’s parents was always busy. A few months later, Jessica parents told her that they will move overseas. Knowing this, Jessica’s tears rolling down to her cheeks. â€Å"We know you can’t separate with Tiffany. But, we have to move, dear. Anyways, you will have some new friends there,† her mother tried to console her. One day after the school was over; Jessica told tiffany that she will move to New York that evening. â€Å"Really? But, I know you will come to visit me in the future, right? Tiffany asked as her tears rolled down her cheeks. â€Å"Yes. I will,† that was all Jessica can say at that moment. They went home as usual. That evening, Tiffany went to the airport to say goodbye to Jessica. Jessica was happy to see her present at the airport and wish her happy journey. She hugged Tiffany and felt heavy to let her go. As it was already time to go to the departure hall, Tiffany loosens her hug and let her go. â€Å"Promise me that you will not cry when you arrive there and I promise to wait for you to come here,† Tiffany promised. â€Å"I promise. And, I promise I will be back,† Jessica told her. Alright, girls. It’s time to go and say goodbye,† Jessica’s mother said to them. â€Å"Okay, mom. † Jessica said. Then, they bid their farewell. Two years later, Tiffany pursued her study in college. Even though they were separated, they always keep in touch through social network and phone call. Since Jessica was busy with her college activities, she didn’t have enough time to go back to Canada. But, she still kept her promise. She told Tiffany that she will be back next week. Tiffany was so delighted to hear the news. Two weeks later, but Jessica still not coming back. She was very disappointed and upset with Jessica. One day, Jessica’s mother went to Tiffany’s house. She told Tiffany why Jessica will not come. She told her that Jessica died in a car accident while on her way to the airport two weeks ago. â€Å"No! That shouldn’t be! She won’t leave me! † Tiffany cried out loudly. She feels that she can’t bear it anymore. Her mother and Jessica’s mother tried to console her. Tiffany went to New York that night. Upon arriving at New York, she went to Jessica’s grave. Tears gushing out of her eyes until she felt that no more tears came out. It’s been two years after Jessica’s death; Tiffany soon became a famous singer as they promise in the past.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

I Became a Model Cadet Essay -- Personal Narrative

I Became a Model Cadet    Dr. Laust’s Comments: This student's assignment was to write a personal narrative essay describing an event that dramatically affected her life. Her choice of narrating her rise in the ranks of JROTC is unique, interesting, and very appropriate for the assignment. She does a very nice job of using specific details to describe aspects of the experience as well as employing dialog to accent her account. The reader gets a clear sense of the impact this event had on her life. I moved to Slidell in the summer of 1998. It was a start of my tenth grade year at Northshore High School. I remember going to enroll the week before school started. I followed my mom into the school library like a lost puppy. There were new kids all over who were just as scared as I was. The room was filled with administrators sitting at tables asking millions of school-related questions to parents who were fumbling through papers to find a retort. Two people caught my attention in the room. They were a girl and a boy sharply dressed in pickle-green uniforms. Their chests were decorated with numerous shiny metals that reflected their accomplishments. The girl's dark brown hair was neatly tied in a bun off of her shoulders, and the boy's was shaven. Their black shoes were so shiny you could see your own reflection in them if you looked. They walked over to me and introduced themselves as Commanding Officer Cadet Lieutenant Colonel Wendy Arlington and her right hand man Cadet Fi rst Lieutenant Dwight Lewis. They were friendly. They shook my hand when they greeted me and told me about the JROTC program at Northshore High School. I told them I was nervous about a new school and was looking to meet people. They promised me... ...e "OOH RAH, good job cadet." Compliments are rare, so this one made me feel like Superwoman. The team brought home a second place trophy on my first of many competitions. I had found my niche. The following year the next drill team leader was to be picked. I knew I was ready for it. The Senior Army Instructor, Colonel Tommy Palmertree, held an awards ceremony. He kept the team leader as a surprise until the end. Of course, this kept me on the edge of my seat biting my nails in anticipation. Finally, Colonel Palmertree announced me as the following year's leader. He said I would hold the position as Cadet First Lieutenant. I knew that I had finally achieved my goal. I had become a great leader like Cadet Lieutenant Colonel Armington and Cadet First Lieutentant Dwight Lewis. I would lead others and influence them in the same way as they influenced me.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Economics Commentary †U.S quota reduction on textiles Essay

China is an industrialized country and it exports lots of goods to other country. International trade involves the exchange of goods and services across international boundaries. The country depends on its sales abroad to develop its country. The textile industry is a massive industry in china, depends a lot on its exports to make its profits. But the United States (U.S) also has a text tile industry and so to protect their industry they use quotas to protect its industry. The quota is worth â€Å"$6 billion annual quota† and U.S is reducing its quota on the import of Chinese textiles by $9 million because U.S thinks that China is using a third country to get its goods to U.S. China’s government is not pleased with this and it is try to protect its industry. U.S is using protectionism, which is the restriction of international trade. It prevents consumers and producers reaching the equilibrium price and quantity that would happen in a free market. One way to enforce protectionism is Quotas take the form of a physical limitation on the quantity of a commodity which is allowed to enter the country in a given year. What U.S is doing to Chinese textiles is that it is dropping its quota by $ p million dollars from the â€Å"$6 billion annual quota†. The â€Å"world supply† falls; and this gives the Chinese firms to supply more to the U.S market, directly. The decrease in the quota also leads to consumer surplus to rise. Consumer surplus is the difference between the prices that a consumer is prepared to pay the actual price paid. This is because the consumers were willing to pay for the Chinese textiles price with the quota and so now it is cheaper. Therefore the consumer surplus rises from ADE to ABC. Consumer surplus which is gained is areas 1, 2, 3 and 4. Area 1 is the loss of domestic producers benefit from selling more at a higher price. Area 3 is the windfall gain; it is part of the revenue that the foreign traders get, in this case China. The total revenue for Chinese textiles sold in the U.S is are area 3, 5, 6 and 7 together, before dropping the quota, area 3 was the only amount that China was allowed to sell. Area 2 and 4 are a net loss to society (deadweight loss). China has comparative advantage over U.S in the textile industry. A country is said to have a comparative advantage in the production of a good if it can produce it at a lower opportunity cost than another country. â€Å"The labor-intensive industry is one where China has an advantage over other producing nations,† therefore China has specialized in the textile industry and they would import other goods into the country. The Chinese officials are not pleased with the quota reducing; this is because the textile industry in China is a strategic industry and is trying to protect it. To protect a strategic industry is to protect an industry that employs a large proportion of the population and/or maybe the industry has strong roots in the country and it contributes to the nation’s identity. These are the two reasons why China does not like what U.S is doing to them, because other country might lose its trust to China and would try to prevent trading with them. Another reason for China not liking the actions taken by U.S is because â€Å"china hopes anticipated gains in the textile industry will offset huge losses in employment capacity in other economic sectors.† China wants all of its industry to grow at the same time and equally, and so this reduced quota will harm their industries, this is why China takes this matter very seriously. China does not like what U.S has done to their textile industry as this might break trade relations, and this may well be loses for both sides. Their relation would get worse, and then China would retaliate as they want to protect its industry and this would lead to more problems. As exports represent an injection into the circular flow of income and are subjected to the multiplier effect. And also unemployment would rise in other industry within China, and even some firms in U.S, as they might not be able to compete with the Chinese industries.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

World War Ii Timeline

World War II Timeline [pic] [pic] [pic] 1933 January 1. 30. 1933- Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany, bringing ideas of Nazi Party with him June 6. 14. 1933- Nazi party outlaws all other political parties, signaling the beginning of a totalitarian regime October 10. 1933- President Roosevelt recognizes the USSR and establishes diplomatic relations 10. 14. 1933- Germany leaves the League of Nations 1934 December 12. 29. 1934- Japan denounces the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 and the London Naval Treaty of 1930, identifying that Japan would no longer abide by the treaties which were intended to prevent an arms race and massive navies. 935 March 3. 16. 1935- Hitler violates the Treaty of Versailles by enforcing military conscription. This signifies that Germany was re-arming itself and preparing for war. August 8. 31. 1935- President FDR signs First Neutrality Act- prohibiting arms shipments to wartime belligerents October 10. 3. 1935- Italy, under the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini, invades Ethiopia. 1936 February 2. 29. 1936- President FDR passes Second Neutrality Act this act renewed the First Neutrality Act (1935), and also forbade the granting of loans to wartime belligerents March 3. 7. 1936- German troops occupy the Rhineland. Germany was forbidden to take ver more land, as per the Treaty of Versailles. July 7. 18. 1936- Civil War erupts in Spain November 11. 1. 1936- Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany come together, forming the Rome-Berlin Axis. This event holds significance because it was alliances which brought the world into WWI. 11. 25. 1936- Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact. This pact was aimed directly against the Soviet Union and the International Communist Movement. 1937 July 7. 7. 1937- Japan invades Nanking, China, killing more than 250,000, most of whom were civilians. This attack essentially begins the â€Å"War in the Pacific† September . 14. 1937- President FDR forbids US ships to carry arms to Chi na or Japan, again signaling American Neutrality. October 10. 5. 1937- President FDR gives a speech in which he urges the ‘collective security and quarantining of aggressor nations'. This implies the fact that FDR would like the US to remain isolationist. December 12. 12. 1937- Japan sinks the gunboat, the U. S. S. Panay in the Yangtze River in China. Japan formally apologizes after the attack, and pays reparations to the US 1938 February 2. 20. 1938- Chancellor of Germany, Adolf Hitler, formally announces that Germany will support Japan.This further incites desire for war as now three nations (Japan, Germany and Italy) have once again entangled alliances, coupled with militarism and previous actions show a great potential for a second world war. March 3. 12. 1938- Germany launches Anschluss,(union) with Austria. 3. 13. 1938- Germany annexes Austria. May 5. 17. 1938- Naval Expansion Act is passed. This act allotted $1 billion for the US to build a â€Å"Two Ocean Navy,† or a navy which would have bases in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This act recognized the need for protection on both coasts of the country. September 9. 29. 938- Munich Pact- Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Pact, allowing Germany to invade the Czechoslovakian territories known as the Sudetenland. Britain chose to utilize a policy of appeasement in making the decision to sign the pact. 1939 January 1. 4. 1939- US/Germany/Italy Correspondence- FDR writes to Mussolini and Hitler, requesting that they not attack any country, on a specified list, for 10 years. Hitler writes back saying that FDR has â€Å"nothing to fear. † This statement by Hitler may be determined to be mocking FDR, as in his inaugural address, FDR stated, â€Å"we have nothing to fear, but fear itself. 1. 5. 1939- Senatorial Rejection- The Senate rejected a Presidential request for permission to offer economic assistance to Britain and/or France in case of war. This decision support s the isolationist way of thinking. March 3. 15. 1939- Hitler violates his own promise made in the Munich Pact (1938) and annexes all of Czechoslovakia. August 8. 23. 1939- Hitler (Germany) and Josef Stalin (USSR) sign a Nonaggression Pact which allowed Hitler to invade Poland, while allowing the Soviet Union to strengthen its western borders. September 9. 1. 1939- Hitler invades Poland. , as permitted by the Nonaggression Pact, 9. . 1939-England, France, Australia, and New Zealand declare war on Germany, thus beginning another world war. 9. 10. 1939- Canada declares war on Germany November 11. 3. 1939- Congress grants FDR's request to change neutrality laws as well as repeal an arms embargo so that munitions could be sold to Britain and France, and prevent American ships from sailing into war zones. 1940 March 3. 1940- Germany utilizes its Blitzkrieg warfare, pummeling France in less than one day. April 4. 1. 1940- Germany conquers many of the â€Å"low† countries, including , Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg.May 5. 16. 1940- Increased Defense spending- FDR requests that more money be allocated for defense, public opinion supports the new defense program, signaling a shift in public feeling in regards to the conflict. June 6. 10. 1940- Mussolini and his Italian forces attack France from the South. 6. 22. 1940- France Surrenders to Germany and signs an armistice saying as such. Great Britain is now left to stand alone to the Axis powers. July Selective Training and Service Act-Congress enacts the first peacetime draft in history. This forebodes to upcoming US involvement in the war. 7. 10. 940- Battle of Britain-Germany bombs Britain, most notably the firebombing of London. 7. 26. 1940- US withholds gasoline from Japan. In an attempt to make Japan surrender, and weaker. September 9. 3. 1940- FDR agrees to give Britain 50 Destroyers in exchange for naval bases in Newfoundland, Bermuda, and sites in the Caribbean and the South Atlantic. 9. 25. 1940- Expansion of Japanese Embargo. The US now includes steel and iron to the Japanese Embargo, which already included gasoline (July 26,1940) 9. 27. 1940- Tripartite Agreement- Japan joins the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and now Japan) October 10. 1. 1940- Battle of Britain ends. German Luftwaffe bombing strategy fails to quash British morale. November 11. 20. 1940- Hungary and Romania sign the Tripartite Agreement. Becoming part of the Axis powers. (Germany, Italy, Japan, and now Hungary and Romania) December 12. 29. 1940- FDR Fireside Chat- FDR claims that the US must be an â€Å"Arsenal of Democracy. † Similar to the reasoning for WWI, which was â€Å"To make the world safe for Democracy† 1941 March 3. 1. 1941- Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Agreement. Becoming part of the Axis powers. (Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania and now Bulgaria) 3. 11. 941-Lend-Lease Act- authority to sell, transfer, or lease war goods to the government of any Allied country. E NDED AMERICAN NEUTRALITY 3. 30. 1941- US Seizure of Ships- US seizes 65 Axis ships which have sailed into American ports. April 4. 13. 1941- USSR and Japan sign a neutrality pact. May 5. 15. 1941- American Merchant ship- Robin Moor- sunk by German torpedo in south Atlantic Ocean. FDR declares a National State of Emergency. June 6. 22. 1941- Germany invades Soviet Union. Violated nonaggression pact. US Secretary of War, Henry Stimson, estimates that Germany will conquer the USSR in 3 months. . 24. 1941- US extends the Lend Lease Act to the Soviet Union. July 7. 7. 1941- FDR Announces that the US will protect Iceland for the duration of the war. Similar to Teddy Roosevelt's â€Å"Roosevelt Corollary† to the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the US would be the â€Å"international police force for Latin America. † August 8. 14. 1941- Great Britain and United States sign Atlantic Charter. Joint opposition to fascism, even though US is still nominally neutral. 8. 17. 1941- US warns Japan to stop being aggressive, or else. (face the wrath of the US forces, that is) December 2. 7. 1941- â€Å"A Day Which Will Live in Infamy† Pearl Harbor- Japan launches a surprise attack on the US navy at the base in Pearl Harbor. Resulting in the death of over 2,300 service men and 68 civilians. 12. 11. 1941- War Declarations Germany and Italy- Declare war on US United States- Declares war on Germany, Italy and Japan 1942 April 4. 9. 1942- Japan captures US and Filipino forces at Manila. Bataan Death March Begins. May 5. 7. 1942- Battle of the Coral Sea- US Navy repels Japanese forces, saves Australia June 6. 4. 1942- Battle of Midway- US again defeats Japanese.Coupled with the victory at the Battle of the Coral Sea (May 7, 1942) *****TURNING POINT FOR THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC***** 6. 18. 1942- Manhattan Project begins, design the atomic bomb. 1943 January 1. 1. 1943-Churchill and Roosevelt Plan- Prime Minister Winston Churchill and President FDR meet in Casablan ca, North Africa to plan attacks on all fronts, invade Sicily and Italy, send forces to the Pacific, and to better aid the Soviet Union. 1. 31. 1943- Battle of Stalingrad over 90,000 German troops surrender to the Soviets **TURNING POINT IN WAR AGAINST GERMANY** July 7. 25. 943- Mussolini's Fascist government in Italy is overthrown! New Italian Government begins peace talks September 9. 8. 1943- Italy officially surrenders to Allied powers December 12. 1. 1943- Cairo Declaration- Allies declare intention to establish an international organization meant to maintain world peace. 1944 June 6. 6. 1944- D-Day Invasion- Allied forces invade Normandy, France, to begin the reclaiming of Western Europe from Germany. July 7. 24. 1944- Normandy and Brittany- Allied troops force a German retreat by reclaiming large portions of Normandy and Brittany August 8. 25. 944- Paris liberated from Nazi control by US forces and the Free France Campaign. 1945 February 2. 11. 1945- Yalta Conference- the â⠂¬Å"Big Three† (Churchill, FDR, and Stalin) met to discuss Soviet dominance in Eastern Europe Results: Dual administrations in Berlin, the break up of Germany, and the prosecution of war criminals. (Nuremberg Trials) April 4. 12. 1945- President FDR dies of a Cerebral Hemorrhage. 4. 28. 1945- Italian soldiers catch Mussolini attempting to sneak out of the country and murder him. May 5. 8. 1945- V-E Day Victory in Europe is declared August 8. 6. 1945- Atomic Bomb Little Boy is dropped over Hiroshima Japan 8. . 1945- Atomic Bomb Fat Man is dropped over Nagasaki, Japan Both of these bombings resulted in severe, grave destruction 8. 14. 1945- Japan Surrenders! 8. 15. 1945- V-J Day Victory in Japan is declared September 9. 2. 1945- Japan signs formal surrender agreement aboard the U. S. S. Missouri in Tokyo Bay. ****ENDS WWII**** Works Cited â€Å"1945. † World War II Timeline. Web. 14 Apr. 2012. . â€Å"APUSH SparkChart 1865-2004. † Www. Sparknotes. com. Sparknotes. Web. 14 Apr. 2012. . â€Å"The History Place – World War II in Europe Timeline. † The History Place. Web. 14 Apr. 2012. . â€Å"World War II Timeline. † Shmoop. Web. 14 Apr. 2012. .

Friday, November 8, 2019

Globalisation and Global Warming Essays

Globalisation and Global Warming Essays Globalisation and Global Warming Paper Globalisation and Global Warming Paper Essay Topic: Renewable energy Globalization has changed the world and its economy through-out the last 30 years (after WI). The concept of globalization has altered not only the economy but also society, by sharing limitless goods; information; technologies; materials; resources; services Etc. Trading has improved and enhanced society in each country economy, therefore the world has been continuing this, up till now. How fast globalization have been rising and spreading has gradually affected the environment rigorously. The effects of globalization are: regional and global inequality; climate change and increasing poverty. The consequences of globalization can be found and seen anywhere and everywhere for example: a few wealthy people and relentless poverty for everyone else. Plus Globalization clearly involves trading natural resources which can lead to pollution and additional environmental intimidations. (Ivan, 2004) It is the process Of international assimilation. Humans from different countries have started to interact from thousands of years ago, the Silk Road is one of the first examples that connected Asia, Africa and Europe. Globalization includes many things like philosophy; elisions; language; arts; raw resources and exchanging products or ideas. Economic globalization is developing a country economy by compromising the globalization of production; markets; competition; technology; corporations and industries. Wisped) There are many environmental policies right now, each year the issues get more severe and we (the human race) are trying to get each others attention and encourage each other to be more CEO-friendly. Many of the environmental problems that we are dealing with are caused by globalization, which is the point of this paper. It is to roved the information to prove that it IS extremely hard to maintain the concept of international trading and at the same time improve our environment. : It is true that globalization is a humongous part of civilization but right now, it sin it as crucial as saving our planet. Earths environment is severely damaged and it is getting worse day by day, and if we dont have a logical idea to sustain both our economy and our environment we would have no choice but to focus on our environment only. (Revel) In my extended essay, I will explain how globalization affects the environment and the Seibel solutions to protect the environment yet sustain the international trade. I will clarify why damaging the environment is an inevitable significance of globalization. This essay will include the influences of rising production; relocation of polluting industries; increased flow of goods, services and people. I will examine international environmental issues and how each of it links to globalization. The effects of globalization includes both positive and negative environmental impacts. Some of the good outcomes of globalization on the environment are improving education and incomes, creates greener co-friendly technology, improving use Of resources and promoting growth through development. Globalization is a huge impact on civilization; development and basically, the economy; therefore it can help improve the environment when promoting growth. But globalization is the reason for many environmental issues and it is also trying to improve the environment, the thing is damaging the environment has a high probability that it will continue as long as globalization advances. For example the World Bank, it has successfully helped Mexico during the asss by reducing the number of unhealthy ozone days. The multinational corporations conducted research and created technology to reduce the consequences of humans on the environment which can be referred as green technology. Other examples are: CEO-friendly cars which achieves higher fuel economy but lower emissions; Apple produced the Macomb which was built using materials that are high recyclable and free of many of the harmful substances present in other computers Apple, and they mentioned that the software and hardware were designed to work together so that it is more energy efficient ND minimizes the carbon footprint of the computers. Tail Ninja, 2007) (Economic Growth) One of the primary impacts of globalization on the environment is the export-orientated destruction, which is overusing natural resources because Of the high and increasing demands and population growth. Extensive deforestation, over-fishing and global warming are all examples of the negative impact due to globalization. The removal of ecosystems caused by over po pulation growth was a colossal negative occurrence as well as capacious deforestation which took place globally due o the logging industry disposing products. Every year about 16 million hectares are gone. Countless trees are cut down for commercial and property purposes; deforestation is causing a loss of biological diversity no matter the reason. 90% of Australias forest are exported because their natural heritage were destroyed and nearly half of the forests that covered our planet are now gone. Day by day, deforestation expands and accelerates into the natural forests. The additional inputs that are required to fuel economic growth come at a cost to the environment. Renewable resources like land will become in worth supply, the private land users differ and so they will fight each other for the land and they will bid against each other meaning the land prices will rise. (Francesco, 201 0) Global warming is a prime contrary impact on the environment; it is caused by the greenhouse gas discharge because of a growth of industrialization in expanding on fossil fuels. Global warming happens due to carbon being released into the atmosphere, it concludes to increasing of sea levels which then impacts on weather systems. Over centuries global temperatures have increased because discharges of roundhouse gases like carbon dioxide. Therefore transportation is a big cause of global warming, not only do we all use cars or motorcycles but around 95% of the worlds international traded products are moved by trucks/lorries. The pollutions will eventually come at local; national and global scales, the foreseen increase in economic growth through-out the world, it is only expected that prospective pollution will multiply in many countries. And we are not talking about industrial countries only but potentially every country is likely to increase pollution over the next years. If harmful pollutants like: lupus dioxide; small particulate; nitrogen dioxide; and carbon monoxide increase into the atmosphere then they will possibly set in new serious illnesses, healthy effects, blindness, crop loss and ecological damage. If we look back into history, we can see that countries like: US, Japan, Canada and Western Europe increased pollution clearly as their economies develop. It is like a pattern that continues to repeat by developing countries. Globalization and the economic growth are becoming critical threat to Earths environment! (Fisher, 2009) Over-fishing is another affair on the environment; t happens when fishing activities lessen fish stocks which lead to resource consumption. It occurs internationally, 4 out of 17 major fishing grounds have been fished out and a total of 70% of fish species are now close to their magnitude. Researches show that through-out 2005 most of the fishes are at their boundaries! Paula) One of the key features of globalization is free trade, this helps multinational firm to integrate, expand and get involve in world trade. Ultimately the expansion of firm will require increase investment in capital such as building new factories that could generate negative externalities towards the environment. Increasing inward investment in developing nation like China has had some devastating effect on the environment. The result of industrialization has made Beijing the 10th most polluted cities in the world in less than 10 years. Nevertheless, employment should improve especially in developing nation like India, China, too further extent as more citizens have a stable job and a higher disposable income, this may be a great contribution to living standards worldwide. At the same time, consumer from different nations may benefit from better quality and more angel of products/essence hence dynamic efficiency. As a result, globalization may be an effective tool to create an internationally competitive trade environment that could help reduce poverty worldwide, however it may be inevitable that there will be a trade-off between globalization and the environment worldwide. Shah, 201 1) Firms are competing at a global scale; they may have to operate efficiently in terms of production and operation to be more competitive. This may designate that large firms all over the globe may have incentive to invest in new technology to reduce wastage. At the same time, the environment is always considered as a significant topic to many people, thereby it may also be necessary that firm has to be socially responsible to the environment to protect their brand image. The result may be that firm will take action to protect the environment through different methods [technology] and become more productive efficient. Ultimately, we can see that although globalization can have negative effect on the environment, the competitive nature Of a global economy may force firm to be more efficient and socially more responsible to the environment. Although mentioned that globalization can have advantage effects on the environment, as you can see the negative effects of globalization to the environment beats the advantages by far. I personally think that globalization can also inevitably damage the environment. This is because globalization is a big ultimatum to the environment and we can clearly see that from some of my examples that have listed above. Developing the economy from assibilation will put more pressure on the environment and more waste will be emitted into the environment. Based on Yale researches show that: potential pollution is expected to increase by 2-4 times as well. and pollution increasing more will show real serious threats to the environment. As long as globalization continues this way, the impacts it causes to the environment cant be reduced. And the fact that our living standards require globalization in the process like technologies, exported food, clothes Etc and that we use these exported goods which damages the environment, it suggests that as long as we continue all these little things that counts then damaging the environment is unavoidable. Unless each and every one of us change our epistyles, we can not escape environmental destruction. And even if we eventually manage to do that, We could only reduce a part Of environmental damage. Our planet has done too many harm to the environment, we have come to the stage where Earth starts to die so we need smart and logical solutions that will definitely work to save our planet. Http:// www. Tingeing. Com. Von/shattered. PH? 1986-Damage-to-environment-is-an- inevitable-consequence I am not inferring that we should stop globalization to help the environment but we should try developing effective guide for libations because long term environmental protection requires economic growth. The risk that the economic process will be overshadowed by environmental holocaust is a very slight chance, as the world develops governments in the future might be able to afford reducing pollution which might also control activities that harm landscapes and conserve natural forests or lands. Although developing the worlds economy is unlikely to go perfectly well, efficiently and effectively, the biggest risk to the environment is a frozen world economy. Lets say we stopped globalization, international reads and basically developing the economies come to an end then there will be barely any resources left to protect the environment. Stopping globalization will come to the result of generating less pollution but it wont help the environment. In conclusion, we shouldnt stop globalization due to the outcome of a stagnant world but we should come up with an effective guide so that globalization goes in a healthy direction that could improve our environment in a contemporary method. We should know what we need to reduce in globalization and what needs to remain to improve our environment.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Differentiation in Special Education Classrooms

Differentiation in Special Education Classrooms Differentiation is the way a teacher prepares instruction to meet the needs of all the children in an inclusive classroom, from the most challenged to the most gifted. Differentiating instruction is not only going to help your special education students fully participate, it will also enrich and improve the experience of the general education students. Everybody wins. A well designed differentiated lesson will include some of the following: A strong visual component, collaborative activities, peer coaching, a multi-sensory approach to presenting information and differentiated assessment based on strengths. A Strong Visual Component Arent digital cameras and online image searches wonderful resources? Children with reading problems have a great deal less difficulty dealing with pictures than symbols. You might even have teams of children work together to gather pictures for instruction, or you might ask Mom to email you  some favorite vacation pictures. Autistic students can benefit from the use of cards to learn sight vocabulary, attributes, safety signs and to evaluate new vocabulary. Collaborative Activities Collaboration will be the mark of a successful leader and employee in the future, so this is a skill all students will need. We also know that children learn best from peers. One of the strongest reasons for inclusion is the fact that working across ability groups pulls up the lower functioning group. You need to take time to teach collaboration, using a fishbowl approach. Have a group of students model the process of collaboration, and then evaluate their performance as a group. As you are teaching a lesson using collaborative teams, spend time evaluating them as a group: Did everyone get a chance to talk? Did everyone participate? If you observe that groups are not functioning well, you may need to move in, stop, and do some coaching. Peer Coaching Its a good idea to create several partners for every child in the class. One method involves 4 pairings in each class a clock face to illustrate: a 12 oclock partner, with a student most like each student in ability (assigned by the teacher,) a 6 oclock partner, who is the opposite level of ability, and 3 and 9 oclock partners of their choosing. Spend time early in the year training your students to work in partnerships. You might try trust walks with your partners, having each child take turns walking their blindfolded partner around the classroom with only spoken directions. Be sure to debrief with your class, and talk about the importance of listening to each other and understanding each others strengths and weaknesses. Be sure you model the kind of positive interpersonal interactions you want to see from kids. Peer coaches can help each other with flashcards, with written assignments, and with collaborative activities. A Multi-Sensory Approach We are way too dependent on print as a way to introduce new information. Some of the children with IEPs may have strengths in unexpected areas: they may be great illustrators, creative builders, and very capable at gathering information visually on the internet. The more sensory avenues you engage as you are introducing new material, the more likely all your students will retain it. Do some tasting with a social studies lesson: How about coconut for a unit on the Pacific, or trying some salsa when you are learning about Mexico? How about movement? You can use a molecule game to teach children what happened when you heat elements. When you turned up the heat (orally, and raising my hand to raise the temperature) they would rush around the room as far apart as possible. When you drop the temperature (and my hand) the students would gather together and move just a little bit, slowly. You can bet every one of those kids remembered what happened when you heat a liquid or gas! Assessment that Builds on Strengths ​ There are lots of ways to assess mastery other than a multiple choice test. Rubrics are one great way to create clear ways for students to show they have mastered the materials. A portfolio may be another way. Rather than asking a student to write, you may ask a student to sort or group pictures according to criteria you have learned, name pictures, or have the students answer questions that help them display knowledge of new materials.