Child Care College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kid Care College - Essay Example In thinking about the sort of help guardians should depend on for kid care, it is basic that the necessity of a protected and cheerful condition that fun, instructive and sustaining is met. Sitters are frequently among the top selection of guardians in their choices on which sort of help they would set out for their kid. In spite of the fact that this is the situation, it doesn't in any capacity indisputably recommend that it is the best practice. I would contend that kid care from an authorized kid care focus is evidently better than care from a sitter which is additionally affectionately called as caretaker. A kid care focus gives care to gatherings of youngsters. They frequently give diversion and exercises to the entirety of the kids to partake in. In youngster care focuses, the space and gear is structured carefully for the expected utilization of the office (www.childcarehelp.org). Kids will in general be gathered with others their own age and exercises can be intended to address the issues of every study hall of kids. Most guardians in an inside are required to have instruction in kid advancement or youth training, and all staffs are required to have yearly in-administration preparing in kid improvement. ... In return for a bed, food and remittance they will care for the youngster or kids while the guardians go to work (www.babycenter.com). A live out babysitter, then again, will live in their own home and go to the house as and when orchestrated to care for the youngsters. Either type of caretaker would be viewed as a worker of the family (www.nannysource.com). The individual consideration offered to a kid is the essential explanation that numerous individuals select this administration for their baby care needs. Guardians are additionally ready to have practically unlimited authority over exercises, taking care of times and some other factor of the kid's day by day lives. Clearly in home consideration is the most costly type of day care or whatever other consideration that is accessible yet offers a one on one help in return. There are a great deal of disservices of looking after children guardians may imagine that it is the best consideration since there is a coordinated association. Caretaker care is unaided and our folks must do cautious screening of any possible parental figure. The most glaring burden is the cost, on the grounds that, all things considered, our folks are paying somebody's pay, and they are probably going to be working a taxing day. Babysitter care is the most costly type of youngster care that I figure our families could have, with the vast majority of us paying 18K - $40K every year for caretakers (www.nannysource.com). Babysitters are sought after and there is a great deal of rivalry in the commercial center for the certified caretaker. Absence of socialization might be an issue for a lone kid. Not all youngster care strategic issues are mystically illuminated by caretaker care. There might be issues on the best way to cover days when the babysitter is sick or if there are climate crises which I

Canterbury Tales :: essays research papers

Canterbury Tales Character Analysis      Chaucer’s most prominent work came subsequent to everything else. Canterbury stories was the remainder of his artistic works. It followed such stories as Troilus and Creseyde. It is considered as perhaps the best work of writing during the English Middle Age. Interestingly, it wasn’t even completed the manner in which Chaucer had expected it to. He had wanted to have over a hundred stories, four for every explorer. He wound up with twenty-four, short of what one for every traveler. One miracles on the off chance that he had completed how much better would it have been.      The story is a one of a kind one, particularly during the time wherein it was composed. As opposed to a conventional creator story design, Chaucer utilizes an alternate strategy to turn various kinds of stories. By recounting to various stories through various travelers Chaucer utilizes their mentalities and qualities with the goal that he may tell stories of a wide range of assortments and styles. This shows the various inventive sides and intentions of the incredible creator. He was not the first to utilize such a strategy, however he might be one of the most celebrated, soonest of its clients.      Among the quantity of characters and various narrators you go over a character by the name of Robin. His remaining among the organization was the Miller, so that was what he would be all the more normally known. Quickly following the Knight the Miller had an entirely example of something really special. The Knight was clearly of high standing, and would beforehand tell an honorable story with a moralistic flavor to it. It would leave the group in condition of thankfulness for somebody of his height. At the point when his story was done the individuals knew why it was that he was Knight. In spite of the fact that, when the Miller was done the individuals did likewise acknowledge why he was the Miller.      When the Knight’s story had completed the Miller concluded it was his chance for the spotlight. Chaucer makes it very straightforward the difference in the characters. Particularly making the cases one just after the other. The examination is effortlessly made. The plastered riotous Miller speaks up professing to have a story that would fight with the Knight’s for being respectable and alluring. Detecting the tipsiness, the host makes some noise advising the Miller to spare his story for some other time knowing about what was to come. The uproarious and presumptuous Miller overwhelms him.

Introducing The Essay Experts College Application Essay Series. College Essay Tips for Ivy League Bound Seniors

Introducing The Essay Expert’s College Application Essay Series. College Essay Tips for Ivy League Bound Seniors For each of the next four weeks, I will be writing an article with tips for writing college application essays.   I will cover the popular essay themes of “my grandmother,” “my sport,” “a famous person” and “a fictional character.” These topics are extremely popular, and if you choose one of them it is paramount that you don’t sound like everyone else!   If you’re applying to Ivy League schools in particular, your essay can make or break your application.   Bore the Yale admissions committee or the Harvard admissions committee and you’re done for. In my upcoming articles, there will be 7 writing tips for each type of essay so that yours is unique and keeps the admission committee’s attention. If you’re not a member of my blog already, sign up now to make sure you get every nugget of wisdom I have to offer! And if there’s another topic you want me to cover, let me know and maybe your pick can be topic #5.

The Importance of Teamwork and Communication Essay

I personally think that teamwork and communication are very important during CA1, CA2 and CA3. We need to cooperate well, discuss amiably with one another to find a suitable solution for some of the challenges or obstacles faced in the process of accomplishing the task assigned to us by our teacher. One such example would be the games for our CA1, the aim of our first game was to score a ball into the bins which are of different colors and entitled us to different score. Our initial plan was to score the ball into the bins which will enable us to attain a higher score. When it was my turn to toss the balls into the bin, I was feeling really anxious at that moment. I wanted to successfully toss the ball into the bin which will entitle us a†¦show more content†¦From the experience that I had encountered, I believe that communication and teamwork played a vital role in a group. With communicate and teamwork, the processes of work would progress much faster than what an individu al would accomplish within the same period of time. Besides that, during our CA2, which requires us to explain the parts that we had research on to our fellow group members. Communication is evidently essential as some of our members might not be clear on what the other members had researched on. Therefore, communication comes in handy as we had to ask several questions among one another to clarify our doubts. There are certain times when the questions asked are more in depth and relevant towards our points. It ignites brainstorming which improved our productivity as we can complete our project within a shorter time frame when everyone has a clearer picture of their points. I think that it is also very important for us to take responsibility of our individual roles. I still remember that I had forgotten to bring my laptop to school to show my tutor the links that I had obtain information from. I tried to keep calm and search for relevant material using my smartphone so that my grades will not be affected by my carelessness of not brin ging my laptop to school. As an outgoing person, I tend to discuss all theShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Teamwork And Effective Communication880 Words   |  4 PagesTeamwork and effective communication are essential for patients to receive safe, quality care. The goal of healthcare workers are to communicate information in an effective and timely manner which in turn helps staff work as a team and coordinate care for patients. This was demonstrated effectively when Gary communicated the change in Mrs. Everett’s mental status. Failure to work as a team and convey pertinent patient information can cause harm and even death to patients. Video #2 showed howRead MoreThe Importance Of Social Responsibility, Communication, And Teamwork1587 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will discuss the importance of social responsibility, communication, and teamwork in the workplace in particular as a nurse in the healthcare setting of general practice. By giving care to be proud of and being open, honest and approachable as well as working together as part of a team for the same outcome will benefit the patients. As a nurse in general practice the role includes a lot of involvement in the community. You become the face of the clinic and if you live in the same areaRead MoreThe Importance Of Teamwork, Social Responsibility And Communication1879 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay looks at workplace citizenship and its essential components and critically argues the importance of teamwork, social responsibility and communication as important core values and skills to the NGO sector. Today the highly competitive and global marketplace is moving towards high performance, effective organizations that generate high degrees of employee job satisfaction. As a result a substantial amount of research and study has been conducted to determine the various factors that mayRead More The Importance of Communication and Teamwork Among the Flight and Cabin Crew2242 Words   |  9 Pages The Importance of Communication and Teamwork Among the Flight and Cabin Crew TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT 4 INTRODUCTION 5 Background 5 Purpose/Audience 5 Sources 5 Limitaions 5 Scope 5 COLLECTED DATA 5 Importance of Communication Among the Crew 5 Main Cause of Aircraft Accidents 6 Duties of the Crew Members 7 Expectations of the Crew 7 The Crew is a Team 8 Intimidatin in the Cockpit 8 Cabin Crew is a part of the Team 9 Trusting the Crews Judgment 9 Crew Resource Management (CRM) 9 Outline ofRead MoreTeamwork in Health Care1085 Words   |  5 PagesThe Importance of Teamwork in Health Care The Importance of Teamwork in Health Care From an early age we are instilled the importance of teamwork. The lessons may come from a soccer field, a classroom group project, or even a song on Sesame Street. Regardless of our future careers, we are all likely to experience some sort of teamwork requirement, even if it is as simple as getting along with your co-workers. Teams working in a hospital or other healthcare setting may consist of severalRead MoreTeamwork And Collaboration : How It s Integrated Into Education, Nursing Practice, And Attitude848 Words   |  4 Pages QSEN: Teamwork and Collaboration Teamwork is simply stated as less me and more we. With teamwork and collaboration, many wonderful things can be achieved especially in the healthcare profession. Anesthesiologists, CRNAs, surgeons, and O.R. nurses were interviewed regarding quality and importance of collaboration. Each profession rated 81-96% high for the importance of collaboration (Dellinger, 2016). The purpose of this paper is to discuss teamwork and collaboration and how it relates to knowledgeRead MoreQuality And Safety Education For Nurses1142 Words   |  5 PagesQuality and Safety Education for Nurses Teamwork and collaboration are capable to effectively function within professional teams, remaining respectful, mutual decision-making, and developing open communication to attain the optimal quality of care for patients. To create a collaborative atmosphere, several characteristics must be involved; knowledge, skills, and attitude. Knowledge is a way to describe an individual’s strengths, weaknesses, and principles to collaborate within a group of workersRead MoreTransferable Skills in workplace1508 Words   |  7 Pagesinterpersonal group-working and communication skills in analyzing and solving problems (Cameron, 2008:19). So whether students could gain transferable skills in the university has become a major factor of developing a career after their graduation. Importance of transferable skills Browsing want advertisements, it can be easily found that most of companies are looking for employees who have transferable skills involved in: passions towards working, responsibility, communication skills, team-working skillsRead MoreThe Performance Of A Dysfunctional Team912 Words   |  4 PagesPoor communication or failure in communication in the perioperative area leads to errors, accounting for 41%-91% of adverse events in the operating theatre (Marks et al. 2014). Theatre environment is fast paced and complex, and this may lead to the breakdown in communication which can cause delay in surgery, patient inconvenience and errors in procedure, hence reducing the quality of care (Cvetic 2011). The senior nurse had very effectively communicated with the surgeon and the junior nurse, whichRead MoreEvaluate the Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization for Business1101 Words   |  5 PagesEssay Title: How can effective teamwork in organisations make business more profitable? Nowadays, most of the organizations try to develop some kind of teamwork in their businesses. Teamwork originated in workplaces, since people began to operate collectively through organisations. Over the years various rules, ideas, practices and theories that constitute the evolution of teamwork and management have developed. Teamwork can be considered one of the oldest human activities. The ancient Chinese

Presentation of Conflict in Hard Times - 1343 Words

Discuss the presentation of confict in the texts that you have studied In â€Å"Hard Times† by Charles Dickens, conflict is presented as the outcome of industrialisation, material prosperity and a strict utilitarian way of life. In the 1850’s when the novel was written in instalments in ‘Household Words’, Victorian England was in the age of reform, which was creating new tensions between social classes, and creating a new type of ‘master’ represented by characters such as Mr. Gradgrind and more particularly Mr. Bounderby. Conflict is shown between nature and the increasing rise of industrialisation. In Chapter 3 ‘The Key Note’ Dickens describes the setting of industrial Coketown, which is partially based upon 19th century Preston, which†¦show more content†¦Bounderby who is described as ‘the Bully of Humility’. Stephen gives his impassioned speech ‘Look how this ha’ growen an’ growen, sir, bigger an’ bigger, broader an’broader, harder an’ harder..’The asyndetic list impacts the audience as the conflict and tension builds up. Stephens use of plosives ‘broader’ and the harsh consonants ‘harder’ emote his anguish against the unjust society in which he and his fellow working class are suffering in. The commanding verb ‘Look’ is not only Stephen’s but also Dickens plea for understanding between the upper and working class society in his own society. Dickens believed in ‘ mutual feeling’ and understanding between workers and their leaders to prevent the conflict between the two social classes. Louisa’s inner conflict is shown to be a cause of Mr. Gradgrind’s strict Utilitarian upbringing. Dickens portrays Louisa of having the gift of ‘wondering’ as a child as she lets her imagination create stories as she gazes into the fire. The fire imagery is used to symbolise the warmth of the creative spirit, in contrast to the cold and hard state of facts. However her father, Mr. Gradgrind who retorts ‘Louisa, Never wonder’, the adverb ‘never’, implies that she is to be completely restricted of all things fanciful and imaginative. This causes Louisa’s conflict as it is in herShow MoreRelatedGroup Reflection717 Words   |  3 Pagesabout, how it impacts the world, our feelings about it as a group and the importance of addressing it. For completion of the project we were required to create a presentation of our choice on key points to present to the class. As college students, we run into many challenges associated with group work. We face challenges such as time, effort, communication and leadership skills. We also have various attitudes and different outlooks when it comes to certain topics. The process of this project wasRead MoreThe Plan For The Group Adventure1053 Words   |  5 Pageswhich is 0700 am. It was the only option for all of us since there wasn’t any time slot that is available for all of us. It was really tough waking up for the group adventure, but it was fun. While drinking coffee and eating breakfast, we get to know more about each other and we got close very well. Other than meeting at Starbucks, we get together again at Walter Library, where we discussed for our upcoming group presentation. There, we discussed various of things, and cleared up some overlapping ideasRead MoreDefinition And Explanation Of The Business Purpose Of An Organization Essay1551 Words   |  7 PagesDefinition and explanation of th e business purpose of presentation: 1.1 Establish the business purpose of the presentation. I have to plan a strategic analysis of AIS from my point of view. I have to deliver this presentation to my fellow students and to one member of staff at AIS. I have to show this strategic analysis of AIS with the help of strengths and weakness of AIS that it faces from inside and the opportunities and threats that it faces from outside. I want to include marketing, businessRead MoreHigh on Health Group Work Assignment Essay1122 Words   |  5 Pagestook the time to get to know each other each during each meeting. Besides forming, we also focused on storming. As a group we never had conflict because we had very easy going personalities, we wanted to get things done effectively, therefore if there was a conflict we would normally use majority rules. During the first few meeting, we took the time to discuss how we would normally understand, and solve conflicts. Most of our thoughts had similarities, however, we took the time to talk itRead MoreComing Into Communication Class I Didn t Know About The Group971 Words   |  4 Pagesespecially about group work. Throughout my time in communication it was really different then what I taught. In the group I was in I learned a lot from being in the group that I did not know. I understood the principal in being in the group and how important it is to put in your work and effort in the group. I learned if you do not do this it really set backs your group and it makes it harder for you to work together. It creates a lot of conflict between each other and it makes it harderRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Crossing Borders : International Studies For The 21st Century1559 Words   |  7 PagesPresentation Paper Throughout this course I learned a lot about globalization and the world around me. Today’s world is much closer than it has been in the past. Countries rely on one another and seek security and safety from one another as well. Often times if something bad happens to one country neighboring countries and countries associated with them can feel the harsh effects. Being that the world is so close to together one can see similarities throughout the world. Globalization has broughtRead MoreTwelve Angry Men Debrief Questions Essay1336 Words   |  6 Pageswhich leads to a major conflict. They now needed to illustrate the pros and cons of both guilty and non-guilty parties. 2. How did personality and interaction styles influence the groups dynamics, conflict management and decision-making process? * With one voting not guilty, the group wanted to discuss why he voted â€Å"not guilty†. The dynamics in a few members in the group became irritable due to his vote; which prolonged the voting process. With the rise of conflict, the jury needed toRead MoreThe Importance Of Interprofessional Working As Well As Discuss Barriers And Facilitators For Team Working1385 Words   |  6 Pages feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion and action planning for future practice. I am going to reflect on the preparation work which was carried out each week for the group summative presentation and the importance of communication within the group. Description The aim of our summative group presentation was to prepare a poster which covered the topic of barriers and facilitators to health and social care and how this can be linked back to interprofessional working. There were 5 of us in theRead More Organizational Development Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthey faced the situation that brought them difficulties. Moreover, using of Scenario Thinking could open up to incredible possibilities and challenge long-term internal belief of an organization (Mietzner Reger, 2005). Team Intervention Model Presentation and Facilitation (TIMPF) In addition, I experienced how to work in team by pretending that all members of the team were consultants that had to think which interventions should be provided to solve a problem of a case study. This was very difficultRead MoreMy Writing And Oral Communication1551 Words   |  7 Pagesmarketing and talk to potential investors. The thought and deciding to open up my own business came at a good time since I’m taking Business Management class. I have learned multiple strategies that will help and ensure that I have the correct mind set so that starting my own business is even possible. Chapter 4 in the book Communication at Work talks about presentation. The presentation that I will have to create will have a big impact in achieving this start up business. First thing I will have

The Idiots Manual to Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for 6th Grade

The Idiot's Manual to Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for 6th Grade A comparison essay is among them. The word compare' is a little bit of a misnomer when used concerning a comparative essay analysis. You can begin with the form of topic you pick for your compare and contrast essay. The topic for a compare and contrast essay will probably be set by the topic or course a student is enrolled. In reality, a persuasive essay is a sort of expository essay. What's more, an essay writer must also have the ability to offer valid references on the arguments which he would want to include in the paragraph. Your thesis is the fundamental argument your whole essay will revolve around. To write this kind of essay is quiet hard thing and it ought to be carried out responsibly. Find out how to compose a compare and contrast essay from us to be sure that you think of a wonderful academic paper, or even better, call us to find out more about buying one of our reasonably priced essays. As a way to continue to keep your essay informative and engaging, you will want to source for factual information which not only impresses the reader but also teaches them something they might not have already known. To compose a high-quality paper, you've got to understand how to pick your topic properly and utilize it to create a practical outline. To start with, in the same way as any other bit o f academic writing, a comparative essay ought to have a goal. Another practical idea is to ask a relative or a buddy to read the essay and see whether they can spot some mistakes. For example an individual may select a topic like, life in the shoes of a werewolf. Keep in mind, ensure you do your research, and don't rush writing. The next thing to do is to begin writing. Understanding Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for 6th Grade It is going to be rather simple to discover the differences but the similarities are a lot more difficult to find. When you have identified the 2 subjects, decide which similarity and difference to concentrate on. When you receive the title and aspects to compare but without a definite number of criteria to cover similarities and differences, you've got to brainstorm. When you begin brainstorming and researching the subject, the odds are high you'll locate a wide collection of differences and similarities. You may employ a professional essay wr iting service to complete your assignment in the very best quality. Writing tips will allow you to organize the outline and compose the essay. Bear in mind, the same as in other forms of essays, thorough research is extremely relevant here, too. You are able to discover some info about various formats of accounts. If you're not that confident about your writing skills or are running out of time, there's a good approach to assist you submit the essay which you require. There are additionally some lessons that you should always keep in mind before you get started writing your essay. The first thing which you should do before you get started writing is to select a proper topic to write about. If you want to acquire a complimentary example, there's no greater place to search than an expert online writing website. Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for 6th Grade - the Conspiracy You must present your topic, obviously, and also your thesis statement that has the function of indic ating to your readers what is the probable path of the full work. The illustration of an outline is supplied below. If you are going to write a comparative essay, you will need to get a notion of the impacts of unique aspects to the result which you may get at the conclusion of the writing activity. A strong essay is going to have an opening paragraph that comes with a thesis statement and a concluding paragraph. It's common to be assigned to compose essays in every area of study, not just when taking a composition program. It is a necessity if you would like your writing procedure to be easier and clear. Both have a broad selection of expensive, elegant restaurants in addition to a similar quantity of global and national chains. In the span of obtaining an education, students need to deal with diverse tasks and overcome many challenges of different complexity. The Do's and Don'ts of Compare and Contrast Essay Topics for 6th Grade Since you may see, the topics are split be tween multiple categories so it would be simpler that you select one. Before you begin, it is imperative to choose topics that you truly know well. It's needless to mention your topics ought to be precise and on point. In most instances, the topics you pick should be closely related. You only have to order a very good essay from experts with the greatest academic degrees in an assortment of fields. Our experts will let you know absolutely the exact same, but after teaching you the way to compose a compare and contrast essay. To begin with, you will need to select two unique topics that you need to compare and contrast. If you are thinking about how to begin a compare and contrast essay or only want to learn how to write one well, first you ought to comprehend its objective. Every student was assigned a compare and contrast essay at least one time in a lifetime. By getting compare and contrast essay help you're going to be in a position to file your essay punctually and in the ideal quality. The very first thing you ought to do is identify the form of compare and contrast essay which you're handling.

Interpersonal Conflict Management Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Interpersonal Conflict Management. Answer: Conflict management is a serious issue that the organizations need to deal with due to the ever-rising competition in the market and abundance of alternatives that are prevalent (Wolff and Yakinthou 2013). Janes predecessor worked with an approach where he stuck to personal idea and hence did not take into consideration any recommendation that were made by the suppliers. The person followed this strategy to get the best price from the suppliers and made sure that those who complied with the set of demands put forward by him only got the deal. However, Jane is someone who differs from the person hugely. She follows the collaborative style of conflict resolution. A collaborative style of conflict management is when points of all the parties are taken into consideration and then a decision is arrived at based on the outcomes and common ground (Choi 2013). The measures taken by her predecessor did provide the company with added benefits like overall cost reduction, but it is to be noted that such benefits with the approach that person had could only last for a limited period of time. Suppliers would not want to work with such an authoritarian person and hence the company would face loss in the end. In contrast, the approach by Jane will allow for long term benefits as the suppliers will work with the organization more and understanding each other will benefit the Tacoma technologies corp. in various ways. All this would be possible due to Janes conflict management approach that focuses on strengthening relationships with the suppliers rather than pressurizing them to adhere to a certain set of demands and rules. References Choi, Y., 2013. The influence of conflict management culture on job satisfaction.Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal,41(4), pp.687-692. Wolff, S. and Yakinthou, C. eds., 2013.Conflict management in divided societies: theories and practice. Routledge.

Incandescence And Fluorescence In Lighting Essays -

Incandescence and Fluorescence in Lighting by Joshua D. Chapman Two types of lighting are the most popular used today; incandescent and fluorescent. Incandescent light, the most commonly used type, is what people tend to use in their homes because of the softer light it gives. Car lights and flashlights are also incandescent. An incandescent lamp will give off differing amounts of light depending on the amount of electricity being used. There are three basic components of an incandescent light; the filament, the bulb, and the base. The filament is a thin coiled wire, usually made of tungsten, a strong metal. When electricity flows through the filament the heat produced energizes some of the atoms, which give off their additional energy in the form heat and light. The bulb is usually filled with an inert gas or is under vacuum. This helps prolong the life of the filament and keeps the electricity from jumping inside the bulb. The base holds the bulb in place and provides a connection to the electrical source. Although still preferred for home use, the incandescent bulb has a much shorter life and consumes roughly three times the electricity of a fluorescent bulb used to light the same area. Fluorescent lighting is widely used in offices, schools, factories and some homes. A fluorescent lamp is a glass tube that contains mercury vapor and argon gas at a low pressure, A fluorescent lamp needs a starter and a ballast to work. The starter provides the starting voltage through the electrodes at both ends of the lamp. The electrical current heats the electrodes causing electrons to be released. The ballast then sends a surge of current between the electrodes, forming an arc (stream of electrons) in the tube. This causes the vaporized mercury atoms to give off ultraviolet energy. These rays strike the phosphors, which coat the inside walls of the tube and cause the particles to give off visible light. Very little heat is given off by a fluorescent bulb and the life of a bulb is roughly ten times that of an incandescent bulb. Although most fluorescent lights ore straight tubes, the tube can also be bent in many different shapes or be enclosed in a glass globe.

10 Neon Facts †Chemical Element

10 Neon Facts - Chemical Element Neon is element number 10 on the periodic table, with the element symbol Ne. While you might think of neon lights when you hear this element name, there are many other interesting properties and uses for this gas. Here are 10 neon facts: Each neon atom has 10 protons. There are three stable isotopes of the element, with atoms having 10 neutrons (neon-20), 11 neutrons (neon-21), and 12 neutrons (neon-22). Because it has a stable octet for its outer electron shell, neon atoms have 10 electrons and no net electrical charge. The first two valence electrons are in the s shell, while the other eight electrons are in the p shell. The element is in group 18 of the periodic table, making it the first noble gas with a full octet (helium is lighter and stable with only 2 electrons). Its the second lightest noble gas.At room temperature and pressure, neon is an odorless, colorless, diamagnetic gas. It belongs to the noble gas element group and shares the property with other elements of that group of being nearly inert (not very reactive). In fact, there are no known stable  neon compounds, even though some other noble gases have been found to form chemical bonds. A possible exception is solid neon clathrate hydrate, which may be formed from neon gas and water ice at pressure of 0.35-0.48 GPa. The name of the element comes from the Greek word novum or neos, which means new. British chemists Sir William  Ramsay and Morris W. Travers discovered the element in 1898. Neon was discovered in a sample of liquid air. The gases that escaped were identified as nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and krypton. When the krypton was gone, the remaining gas was found to emit a bright red light when ionized. Ramsays son suggested the name for the new element, neon.Neon is both rare and abundant, depending where youre looking for it. Although neon is a rare gas in the Earths atmosphere (about 0.0018% by mass), it is the 5th most abundant element in the universe  (1 part per 750), where it is produced during the alpha process in stars. The sole source of neon is from extraction from liquefied air. Neon is also found in diamonds and some volcanic vents. Because neon is rare in air, its an expensive gas to produce, about 55 times more expensive than liquid helium.Even though its rare and expensive o n Earth, there is a fair amount of neon in the average home. If you could extract all the neon from a new home in the United States, you have about 10 liters of the gas! Neon is a monatomic gas, so it is lighter (less dense) than air, which consists mostly of nitrogen (N2). If a balloon is filled with neon, it will rise. However, this will occur at a much slower rate than you would see with a helium balloon. As with helium, inhaling neon gas poses an asphyxiation risk if not enough oxygen is available to breathe.Neon has many uses besides lighted signs. It is also used in helium-neon lasers, masers,  vacuum tubes, lightning arresters, and high-voltage indicators. The liquid form of the element is a cryogenic refrigerant. Neon is 40 times more effective as a refrigerant than liquid helium and 3 times better than liquid hydrogen. Because of its high refrigeration capacity, liquid neon is used in cryonics, to freeze corpses for preservation or for potential revival in the future. The liquid can cause immediate frostbite to exposed skin or mucous membranes.When low pressure neon gas is electrified, it glows reddish orange. This is the true color of neo n lights. Other colors of lights are produced by coating the interior of the glass with phosphors. Other gases glow when excited. These are not neon signs even though many people commonly assume they are. One of the more interesting facts about neon is the light emitted from ionized neon can pass through water fog. This is why neon lighting is used in cold regions and for aircraft and airports.Neon has a melting point of  Ã¢â‚¬â€˜248.59  Ã‚ °C (‑415.46  Ã‚ °F) and boiling point of  Ã¢â‚¬â€˜246.08  Ã‚ °C (‑410.94  Ã‚ °F). Solid neon forms a crystal with a close-packed cubic structure. Because of its stable octet, the electronegativity and electron affinity of neon approaches zero.

Intelligence Challenges in Homeland Security Essay

Intelligence Challenges in Homeland Security - Essay Example Government and policy maker should consider intelligence community activities are welcomed just as civil liberty is respected. Moreover, the acceptance of the intelligence community activates ease the tension created through their course of duties. Public debate and civil society’s participation also ensure that people understand the reason and purpose of the intelligence community.2 The security of a country depends on the success or failure of the intelligence community. Intelligence community has grown over for more than 30 years and has evolved with the advent of new technology to support the functions of government in the provision of services to the citizens. Therefore, a balance between civil liberty and intelligence community ensures that people are secured with all that government offers, and their life is protected.3 The current governments are formed through a democratic process and, therefore, intelligence community need to respects the values of democracy to deceive it activities with dictatorship. One of the important measures that balances civil liberty with the intelligence community is the institutionalization of civil society.4 I agree that civil liberties hinder efficient collection of intelligence information from individuals and corporations. The right of liberty guarantees people from surveillance by people and government without their knowledge. Therefore, to ensure that security is guaranteed by the government agencies civil liberties and intelligence community activities should strike a balance. I concur that the engagement of civil societies and public debate ensures that people understands the roles of the intelligence community and thus offers assistance rather that threatening on civil suits. However, public participation may post a threat to national security as not all information is supposed to be shared, it is essential to make people aware of the need for intelligence collection. I agree that the intelligence

Critically Evaluating Quantitative Research Assignment

Critically Evaluating Quantitative Research - Assignment Example The use of the terms â€Å"quantitative† and â€Å"qualitative† in categorizing variables should not be mistaken with the use of these same terms to describe research approaches. The quantitative and qualitative variables described below both occur within quantitative research; qualitative research takes into account no such variables because it deals with explanation and interpretation of phenomena and do not categorize information in the form of variables (Hopkins, 2008; Hunter & Leahey, 2008; UNESCO, 2011). Quantitative or continuous variables may be classified as interval-scale, continuous ordinal, or ratio-scale. Interval-scale variables have order and equal intervals, are linear, and may assume positive or negative values. Continuous-ordinal variables may or may not be linear (i.e., it may be exponential, logarithmic or other monotonic transformation); they therefore lose their interval-scale property, and the observations are therefore best expressed by their ran ks which is the only certain parameter. Ratio-scale variables are continuous positive measurements on a nonlinear scale, such as the growth of bacterial population; in such a case, the population grows or multiplies at a ratio, for equal time intervals (UNESCO, 2011). Qualitative or discrete variables are also known as categorical values. ... The process of measurement may involve different procedures, depending upon the thing being measured (Gay, 1996). Variables in the physical sciences or areas of inquiry are usually measured according to a deterministic or positivist manner; this means that the measurements obtained are detectable and verifiable by the five senses, so they are more or less objective (Kincheloe, 1998; Colwell, 2006; Palmo, Weikel & Borsos, 2006; Hammersley & Atkinson, 2007) . On the other hand, measurements of variables that have a bearing in the social sciences are usually probabilistic in nature, which means that the actual measure may only be conjectured at with a certain degree of accuracy that is less than 100 per cent, and therefore prone to some subjectivity in the determination. An example of this is psychometrics, the field of study that measures the social and psychological attributes pertaining to certain phenomena (Rust & Golombok, 1999; Rao & Sinharay, 2007; Furr & Bacharach, 2008). Since the attributes measured are essentially internal processes that occur in the mind, they may be observed only from their external manifestations, or what are thought to be such, and from thence rendered into measurable quantities qualified by probability. Measurement is therefore indirect rather than direct (Kincheloe, 1998; Colwell, 2006). For directly observable things, measurement is straightforward, needing only physical counting or the use of such measuring tools as gauges, scales or meters. For those quantities that may not be directly measured, there are different approaches. One is the use of proxies (e.g. stand-ins); these are manifestations other than the variable being actually measured, that are

Media Convergence: Advantages and Disadvantages

Media Convergence: Advantages and Disadvantages Introduction The electronic highway of information that is girdling the world has brought an end to the Gutenberg era. Transition from a â€Å"stones throw away† world to a â€Å"click away† world has changed the way we live, interact, socialize and work. It has also changed the way we perceive culture, people, processes, objects i.e. life in short. The high speed network fabric has rendered geographical boundaries irrelevant. A few years back it may have sounded like an idea by Slartibartfast from the legendary planet of Margarathea(from the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy) but with the advent of technological platforms this aint a far-fetched idea any longer but is the reality of the present times. It all began with the technological outburst which led to the availability of various platforms that helped to efficiently maximize the transfer of information. The degree of separation between the company and the consumer has reduced considerably. Branding Redefined Branding is no longer the privilege of the larger conglomerates or the big pockets. With the advent of technology and the significant reduction in the costs associated with branding, smaller companies that are taking branding seriously have cropped up like mushrooms. The competition is much tougher and there is this race of owning properties both online and real to cut out the competition. In the context of sports we can take the example of the Indian Premier League (IPL) the largest sport event in India this year. So there would be sponsors for IPL who would demand exclusivity. This is applicable across industry sectors- say a sponsor of something like MTV Roadies who would end up owning the content rights of the show- just to kick competition out of the advertising sphere for the show. The questions that loom large are â€Å"Has the traditional media died?† or â€Å"Has it just reduced to a mere supporting media?† or â€Å"Have the rules of the game changed?† or â€Å"Is it a new game altogether?† Brand experience is both emotional and functional. It is not only a promise that a company makes, or an assurance to the quality of the product as mentioned by Aaker(1991) but it also has a psychological role to play. They make you feel good about yourself or are an expression of yourself. They also fulfil social needs like a sense of affiliation or belongingness to a community or a group of people who think alike. The very fact that names like Arsenal, Manchester United of the English Premier League (EPL) are household names in a country like India where nothing but Cricket sells, shows the growth of sports branding. This phenomenon has been more evident in the recent past all because of the media convergence (Kerr,2008). There are fan communities where people can discuss their teams, interact with people with similar sentiments, vent their anger when a player does not perform and share their grief when their team loses. The arrival of sport channels has provided a medium to the broadcasters to telecast all kinds of sports and not just cricket. There is as much of motor sports, basketball, tennis and football as there is cricket. The question that pops up next is, what is the brand? Is it the player, the club or is it Football the game itself? If yes, how has a little white ball and a green field inspired the most successful brand principles that has led to true brand management? The concept of a sport being a brand may sound a little ridiculous at first, but the figures dont lie. A Brand Finance survey conducted in 2005 revealed that Manchester United had a brand value of  £197m, Liverpool a value of 156m, Chelsea  £137m and Arsenal a brand value of  £115mn. Indian Premier League (IPL) The Sport Renaissance in India India has two primary religions Bollywood and Cricket. The only differentiating factor that sets sports entertainment apart from the rest is the passion that it commands and the real time execution. The cricket economy world over is 1bn USD to which India contributes to more than 60%. This includes revenues from ticket sales, sponsorship, endorsements and broadcasting rights. In 2008 the remote wars in the households in India had struck a truce as all the members in the family were glued onto one thing -the IPL for their own different reasons. Be it the glamour, be it the sport, be it the uniqueness of the concept or be it the hype around the event, IPL redefined entertainment. The General Entertainment Channels (GECs) observed a huge dip in the Television Rating Points. Nothing had grabbed the attention of the masses the classes at such a scale ever before. Next year IPL struck again-grander and better. The GECs delayed the launch of new shows as they were sure they had nothing that could compete against the IPL. Such is the potential for the Sport Industry in India. The IPL 09 had rung the death knell of the whole arena of player management in India as small size sponsors signed the best of the players in the Indian team for a year at dead cheap prices. This fiasco happened due to the deals that the IPL Franchise had with these sponsors and the players were bound by it. This was the reason why we saw Master Blaster Sachin, Zaheer and Harbhajan promoting Luminous Invertors and Sehwaag advertising for Jetkings an equipment hardware manufacturer. Is it truly about club over country? The club format brought to the public light through the IPL has shattered the myth that sports in India is about national identity and patriotism? In the auction the highest bid jersey was not that of Tendulkar or Ganguly, it was Khans 11. It has given rise to a lot of questions What is it that makes a person support the Mumbai Indians or the Kolkatta Knight Riders? Is it Sachin, Sehwag, Shilpa or Shahrukh? Is it the success of the team or the strategy that they employ when at the field? The other areas of concern would be has this concept of IPL revolutionized the way sport is consumed in India? Will the spectators be interested in an IPL match over India vs Pakistan Test Match? The Moment of Truth in the IPL that made its success eminent was the fact that the crowd actually cheered when Sachin was bowled by Bret Lee. This is an indicator of the fact that sports in India is in the throes of evolution. People are open to accepting it as an entertainment option than a patriotic struggle. Literature Review What is Media Convergence? Britannica Encyclopaedia says, â€Å"Media Convergence is a phenomenon that involves the interlocking of computing and information technology companies, telecommunication networks and content providers from the various media platforms like magazines, newspapers, radio, television, films and the likes. It also says that Media Convergence is the confluence of the 3 Cs Communication, Content and Computing†. According to Henry Jenkins who is a highly respected media analyst and one of the foremost leading experts on the convergence culture paradigm, as well as, the DeFlorz Professor of Humanities and the Founder and Director of the Comparative Media Studies Program at MIT states that, â€Å"the flow of content across multiple media platforms, the cooperation between multiple media industries, and the migratory behaviour of media audiences is what constitutes media convergence†. It is not just the confluence of the traditional and the new digital media but it is also about the unpredictable ways of interaction and association of the consumers and producers of media. It is not solely technological but there is a huge gamut of socio- cultural paradigm shifts that have changed the way the consumer evaluates a product, makes his decision and his social interactions to seek information. It also includes the experience that the producer of the media makes the consumer go through (Viau, 2 001). The world is witnessing the new forms of media in which they have a larger control over the types of feeds they receive, the ease with which they can interact with not just the media but with the media provider as well. This has brought a whole new dimension of competition to the traditional media platforms. This has also led to a lack of dependence of the consumers on any particular media which in turn translates to lesser loyalty. Benefits of Media Convergence: The content creators can use the platform to generate customized content that is targeted at a specific group. This has also brought about a change in the dynamics of economy as distribution and cost structure is not the same in traditional media. It has brought about a sense of Post Modernism to the field of media consumption where the consumer is not an audience but is also a co creator. This has also brought about a change in the experience that a person goes through by consuming media. It has transcended the limitations of the traditional media. Negatives of Media Convergence: This has brought in a certain amount of unpredictability in the responses that a media would receive. With the audience being exposed to a plethora of media platforms it gets tough to understand what has had what kind of effect on the consumer. Media Convergence has brought about a shift in the control that the content creator had over its property. With the advent of blogs, mobiles and emails the consumers are exposed to large amount of unbranded content. This has led to an increase in the competition for consumers time and attention that the content creators face. Is Sport an Industry? Does industry necessarily comprise of a product or service? NO! It could be an offering that is neither of the two but is consumed by the people. Entertainment is an industry and so is religion. Thus Sport is an industry too which comprises of selling sports or selling through sports. Be it the events, leagues and the tickets to view these or the marketing of products through sports- which would include merchandize, licensing and sponsorship (Mason, 1999). The figure below represents a model of the Sport Industry Parallels can be drawn between Sports and a Consumer Product. Below is a representation of the value chain of the sports industry. Sport as a product can be consumed in different ways- playing, watching, reading or being entertained by it. The level of involvement of the consumers -fans in the sports jargon, differs for each of the way. â€Å"Football is a million dollar industry. The sport has a long heritage in UK and has the most prestigious premiership in the world and has attracted players from all four corners of the globe. Most importantly, football inspires passion and the big four, Chelsea Arsenal, Manchester United and Liverpool FC, are among the most valuable brands in the country†, says Ruth Mortimer- a sports marketing blog owner. What is a Sports Brand? What constitutes a sports brand is questionable. It depends on what the product is? Is the league a product or is it the clubs in the league that constitute the product (Goldman, 1989; Grauer, 1983; 1989; Gray, 1987)? It is argued that the league can be taken as a cartel of these entities i.e. the clubs. This would determine the marketing strategies for the league and the clubs. But whatever the case be both are brands in themselves. If football is the category EPL can be taken as the Umbrella Brand and the clubs like Manchester United, Chelsea and the likes would constitute the sub brands. Even the players would be brands in their own respect. If Beckham is the brand then it is dedicated, suave and down to earth (Milligan, 2004). Manchester United stands for excitement and great entertainment all so because right from Cantona to Giggs to Rooney and Ronaldo, the club has stalwarts who are both excellent at the game and are trend setters in their own way. Hence there is a clearly identifiable brand proposition (Baeur et al, 2005). How are sport brands different from the product brands? NBA Franchise was the first to realize the potential of brand building and what organized marketing can do to fuel revenue generation. Andy Mulligan(2009), says, â€Å" Brands are often, somewhat lazily by some people, equated with pure commercialism and worse still with a kind of fluffy marketing that is about spin and not substance.† He is of the view that though Sport is a huge industry, managing teams is not in the least similar to managing a business. The very premise that a business is a tradable property sets it apart. A team is a repository of emotional associations that fans world over share and build. Hence sports team is not a business but it could definitely be a brand as its an identity and a promise that the consumers believe in and an experience that they live. The association of a spectator with a specific club is enhanced by the collaborative play of â€Å"local, national or emotional identifications† (Whannel, 1992, p. 199) or by the un-certainty of the outcome of the game (Clapson, 1992).The degree of association of the club and the spectator is so high that he develops a strong sense of affiliation with the club. He feels proud and celebrates the victories and is all gloomy over the losses. This phenomenon has been termed as Basking in Reflected Glory (BIRG) (Cialdini et al., 1976). Media and Sports The globalization, the opening up of trade barriers, this era of media convergence, the popularity of the internet, and the ever increasing number of netizens has revolutionized the sports industry. The advancements in communication technology provide omniscient access to all kinds of leagues that a team plays in. This coupled with the 24X7 dedicated sport channels has opened up a whole new arena of entertainment. Today the English Premier League and Formula 1 are as popular in the Asia Pacific as they are in Europe. Earlier people used to watch just the league finals but now they have the option to follow their favourite teams irrespective of their geographic location and time. The qualifiers for the Champions League or the NASCAR have a sizeable number of viewers as does the grand finale. When Real Madrid signed the superstar David Beckham, the live telecast of the ceremony attracted more than 2 million eyeballs (Hatfield, 2003). Games of Houston Rockets had a viewership of over 30 million Chinese viewers who tuned in just to watch Yao Ming- their fellow citizen battle the National Basketball Associations (NBA) finest (Larmer, 2005). Manchester United has a huge fan base of close to 24 million in China alone which is more than the number of viewers in Britain. More than half a billion people tune in to watch the weekly games world over. (Datson, 2004). The popularity that these sports command has attracted the attention of sponsors and advertisers. The teams themselves have realized the large potential that the world of marketing has in store. They have capitalized on this opportunity and the audience sentiment by branding themselves. They have a prominent presence across the various levels, be it Below the Line or Above the Line. We have Team Anthems, Jerseys, Videos, Events, Parties, Posters- ALL OF IT! Manchester Uniteds branded licensed jerseys sell more in the USA as compared to all the other Major League Soccer (MLS) clubs combined. The number of hardcore fans has been approximated to a good 4 million in North America alone. Japanese tour groups spent US$500 million on just the tickets and souvenirs from the New York Yankees. All so to watch Hideki Matsui the outfielder from Japan. This was more than five times what the presence of Ichiro Suzuki in Seattle Mariners generated (Whiting, 2003). Internet statistics tell the same story. There are more satellite fans to the NBA. 40% of visitors to the website log on from outside the States and a humongous 20% of the licensed merchandise is sold overseas (Eisenberg et al., 2003). Global Sports Industry Recession When the whole world is in the throes of recession, sports is one industry sector that has not been as badly affected as the others and was quick enough to bounce back within a year. Loss of sponsorship, events being cancelled, biggies withdrawing from the arena; these are some of the development the sports industry has witnessed in the recent past. On one hand we have been witnessing things like Honda, Kawasaki and Subaru withdrawn from motorsport Manchester United lose  £56 million AIG shirt sponsorship US National Football League indicates it will cut workforce by 10% Tiger Woods loses five year $8 million endorsement contract with Buick Vancouver 2010 Olympic Games takes out additional $800 million loan to cover financial shortfall 2009 Indian Masters golf tournament cancelled Arena Football League in US cancelled for the season On the other hand the world witnessed the largest ever viewership and increasing advertising spend TV viewership increased to 1 million (97.4m to 98.4m); advertising investment up $20 million (from $186 million to $206 million) at the Super bowl 2009 Manchester City sold for  £200million+ in summer 2008 Premier League signs new live TV rights deal for  £1.78 billion, surpassing previous deal Badminton England signs record-breaking sponsorship deal with Yonex Manchester United and City will both sign lucrative, record-breaking shirt sponsorship deals if the rumors are to be believed Sports Scenario in India The Sports arena in India has been dominated by cricket for quite some time now. But with the converging media and the Westernization sports like soccer, basketball, motor racing have observed an increasing fan base. A look at the Audience and Viewership data from TAM is enough to prove this point. Cricket is followed by soccer, tennis and wrestling. The reason for the monopoly of cricket is simple. Cricket is the only sport where India has made a mark in the International arena and which still holds hope for Indians to win over others. This has provided it the status of religion in India. The other popular sports would include Soccer, Tennis and Motor Sports as revealed by a TAM report. This marks the herald of a whole new era of sports entertainment and marketing. Below is an overview of the size of the sports industry in India IPL- The Story so Far India has two religions Bollywood and Cricket and the whole country was awestruck when the two joined hands. IPL is all about glamour, excitement and passion. It works on a franchise model where each of team is owned by an industrialist, a celebrity or is a joint venture. There was an auction to own the clubs and then there was an auction to make the team and select the players. This was the golden time for the Cricket Board in India as it made a lot of profits. Franchise rights were tendered with a reserve price of USD 50mn for 10 yrs. The owners get a percentage of the revenue that the team earns and has other streams like merchandising to mint money from too. The primary difference between the IPL and the English Premier League was the fact that in IPL there was a cap on the amount of money that could be spent in building a team. Unlike EPL where the teams that are backed by the deeper pockets manage to buy the best of the players and end up winning the tournaments and the others are a t a competitive disadvantage. Apart from this sponsorship on Television and the ground constitutes a huge chunk of the revenues that the board and the team earn. The IPL website had 50mn page views in the first week and had received 530,000 column cm of stuff written about it in the newspapers in the Season 1. The opening match in Delhi had a Television Rating Point(TRP) of 7.19 which was the highest for any event in India ever. It had a TRP of 6.7 amongst women which is a considerable number considering the fact that Indian women are generally not much into watching sports. Thus we see that it aint just a mere entertainment option but is an industry in itself. The Need Gap The clubs are no longer just teams whose players lend it its brand value. There is a huge industry of sports merchandize, events and the likes that thrives on this its a culture in itself. Keeping this in mind I plan to study formats like the EPL and NBA which are brands in themselves and arrive at the factors that lead to the success of such brands. India as a nation provides huge potential to market these brands. It is not just the passion for the sport or the sentiment of belongingness to a particular nation that commands loyalty. There are several other factors that have converted sports clubs or teams into one of the most valued brands world over. Therefore there is a knowledge gap that exists. It is to study what these factors are and what are the things that affect these factors? Parallels can be drawn between the sports industry in India and in nations abroad which in turn would help marketing sports, teams and clubs as brands in a nation like India- which is a burgeoning economy and holds great prospects for such brands. Research Objectives To understand how sports branding has grown as an industry in the West, taking EPL, NBA, Formula 1 as a case study. To understand the consumer perception of sports as a brand in India by conducting a research amongst the audiences To understand how media convergence has led to the popularity and the cult like fan following of Western sports in India To analyze the Indian sports industry and devise a marketing strategy for building a sports brand in the Indian context Research Methodology Research Design A fan â€Å"represents an association from which the individual derives considerable emotional and value significance† (Madrigal, 1995, pp. 209-210). Thus it is not equivalent to being a spectator. Therefore to understand their behaviour and attitude statistical data about what they watch and how often do they watch does not help in the quest to understand what makes them a fan. Therefore the research methodology would be a mix of quantitative and qualitative as both have their own advantages and contributions to making this study more fruitful. Quantitative studies use the deductive logic to explain social facts (Horna, 1994, p. 121) and thus would help in understanding the behavioural component. This would help in understanding what the crowd constitutes of and what are the primary scalable attitudes exhibited by them. But this fails to explain the underlying reasons for such behaviour, things that differentiate a fan from a spectator. Thus, qualitative study becomes important too. Qualitative methods help in exploring the cognitive components. It also helps explaining the longitudinal behaviour of things rather than a mere snapshot of the present scenario which could be gauged from the quantitative. In depth interviews would be the preferred technique as we seek to understand the reasons why an individual behaves the way he does and not really the collective opinion of a group. The quantitative research can be carried out by administering a questionnaire online and in person. Some statistics can also be gathered from the various databases and research data available publicly. Sampling The research aims to understand how the emergence of media affected the attitude of the people towards Sports in general and the club culture in particular. It is conducted to understand what is it that makes them commit their loyalties to a particular team and how does this affect the economics of the industry. Only SEC A and B are considered based on the assumption that the SECs lower than this dont contribute much. Females have been considered as recent researches show that there are an increasing number of women who have started following sports and participating in it. Hence their opinion and perception could be a valuable contribution. Expected Contribution After studying the responses from the sample, the research would help arrive at answers to various questions regarding the future of the sports industry in India. Questions like where is the industry headed? What kind of sport would sell? How do the sports brands communicate to the people? How has the convergence of media affected their understanding of the sports industry? Apart from this it would help brand managers and sports consultants to design the branding strategies for the various sports brands so that they can sustain themselves in this highly competitive and unpredictable market. Secondary Research: Marketing of Professional Sports Professional sports started with the leagues specializing in one kind of sport which would run for a season and the league enjoyed a monopoly in the arena. But with the advent of infrastructural facilities and increased investments in the industry of sport management there are multiple leagues fighting for the share of eye and heart. They fight for consumers who have a plethora of other entertainment options to select from. Thus the competition in not limited to just the sports industry but is with the larger entertainment industry (Grauer, 1989). The one thing that makes professional sports appealing to the audiences is the uncertainty of the results. The adrenaline rush that the spectator experiences with every passing minute is dramatic and cannot be derived from staged content. â€Å"Like other forms of entertainment, sport offers a utopia, a world where everything is simple, dramatic and exciting, and euphoria is always a possibility Sport entertains, but can also frustrate, annoy and depress. But it is this very uncertainty that gives its unpredictable joys their characteristic intensity (Whannel,1992, p. 199)†. The intensity of appeal and engagement with the sport is further enhanced by the association that an individual has with the sport and if there are stakes that he has in the outcome. The concept of Basking in Reflected Glory(BRIG) talks about the highest degree of association where a fan is a loyal even if the team does not perform well(Cialdini, 1976). Initially the sports leagues were owned by individuals or entrepreneurs but with the growing popularity it has achieved the status of an industry and has been successful in attracting corporate and has taken a more formal structure than a mere source of entertainment. It is due to the involvement of these corporations outside the realm of professional sports management that has brought in newer revenue streams like merchandizing and sponsorships. This model of corporate ownership of a league or a club was started in the USA and was later adopted by the leagues in the continents of Europe and Australia. The biggest advantage of this is that the teams are backed by deep pockets and investment into a team is a part of the investment portfolio of the corporation and not the main business area. Companies like Blockbuster, Disney and Turner from the North American industry of entertainment and broadcasting have benefitted from their presence in professional sports (Cousens and Slack, 1996) . This has also helped Rupert Murdoch to extend his empire across the globe. This has also helped in attracting better players as the salaries are far better, improved facilities to train and huge advertising expenditures to build the fan base. The corporations are not buying into the uncertainty of the game by owning a team but are using the reputation of the team to fuel their interests. For example the treaty between FOX network and the National Football League was not really a profitable venture for the broadcast network as it had to overbid to acquire the rights but as Murdoch puts it, â€Å"it has made [FOX] a real network in the US†(Swift, 1995). Globalization of the Leagues â€Å"Professional sports leagues are now a part of the powerful recreation and entertainment sector of the economy. In addition, sports have â€Å"delocalised†; the global marketplace has made sports less attached to specific places, particularly those which have world-wide appeal, such as football and basketball (Euchner, 1993)†. Satellite TV and Internet has sped up the delocalization of professional sports by making the content available across the globe in real time. The total income of the â€Å"Big 5† football leagues in Europe in the year 2005-06 was  £12.6 billion ($18.54 billion) (Deloitte and Touche 2007), out of which the Barclays English Premier League(EPL) was the largest contributor, generating revenues as high as à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 2 billion. The most sought after customers of the industry would be the fans as they are loyal and facilitate generating the revenues required to rope in the best players and management. The media analysts refer the players, the clubs and the leagues as the â€Å"brand† (Globalisation of the league, Dr. Bridgewater, 2007). The brands in this industry are not same as the rest but there are strategies that remain the same. When a FMCG brand has to be made global, what companies generally do is start operations in the country where they would like to have a presence. Similarly, the leagues involve other nations or players that have a different nationality to increase the audience base which in turn would lead to building up the fan base which constitutes the target segment for the merchandise. For example the National Football League (NFL) in the USA announced the first competitive game between the Miami Dolphins and the New York Giants in October 2007, more than a 50,000 tickets were sold within 3 days of the announcement. The buyers comprised of local and expatriate fans. This is representative of the fact that there is huge potential in this industry sector. The number of â€Å"E Loyals†- people who dont hold a season ticket or have been to watch a live match but support the game and the club as they have been exposed to it online or on TV- has been rising in the last few years. They are a segment that is as likely to buy the merchandise as a fan who is a regular at the stadium. Pennants, caps, shirts, flags, bands and other team branded articles are what have led to an increase in the revenues and facilitated penetration in other geographic markets (Cousens and Slack, 1996). English Premier League (EPL) -A Case Study English Premier League is a leading association of professional football clubs in the European Union. It has 20 clubs that play in the league every year and follows the system of relegation. Each of these clubs is a shareholder to the league. The EPL came into existence in 1992 when the First Division in the Football League decided to part ways from the Football League as it had struck a lucrative deal for television broadcast rights. It has the largest revenues in the football arena, close to a $4mn in 2007-08. It is perceived to be more glamorous, entertaining and action centred as compared to the rest of the European Leagues like the Serie A and La Liga in Spain. Premier League has undoubtedly grown to be a global brand. The global fan base of the leading international football brands such as Real Madrid and Manchester United runs in millions of British Pounds and â€Å"shows no sign of waning† (Deloitte â€Å"Football Money League†,2008) What is it that determines a persons identification with a club? A Research conducted in 2002 has identified 5 important factors that govern the association of fans with the team. These are primarily the support that the team gathers at the venue the management of the team the traditions, values, legacy that it entails the social entertainment factor i.e. the fan community that it h

The Aborted Contract :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites The issue of abortion is emotionally loaded and this often makes for poor, not thoroughly thought out arguments. The questions: "Is abortion immoral" and "Is abortion a murder" are often confused. The pregnancy (and the resulting foetus) are discussed in terms normally reserved to natural catastrophes (force majeure, in legal lingo). At times, the embryo is compared to cancer: after all, they are both growths, clusters of cells. The difference, of course, is that no one contracts cancer willingly (except, to some extent, smokers --but, then they gamble, not contract). When a woman engages in voluntary sex, does not use contraceptives and gets pregnant - one can say that she signed a contract with her foetus. A contract entails the demonstrated existence of a reasonably (and reasonable) free will. If the fulfilment of the obligations in a contract could be life-threatening - it is fair and safe to assume that no rational free will was involved. No reasonable person would sign or enter such a contract. Judith Jarvis Thomson argued convincingly ("A Defence of Abortion") that pregnancies that are the result of forced sex (rape being a special case) or which are life threatening should or could, morally, be terminated. Using the transactional language : the contract was not entered to willingly or reasonably and, therefore, is null and void. Any actions which are intended to terminate it and to annul its consequences should be legally and morally permissible. The same goes for a contract which was entered into against the express will of one of the parties and despite all the reasonable measures that the unwilling party adopted to prevent its crystallization. If a mother uses contraceptives in a manner intended to prevent pregnancy, it is as good as saying: I do not want to sign this contract, I am doing my reasonable best not to sign it, if it is signed - it is contrary to my express will. There is little legal (or moral) doubt that such a contract should be voided. Much more serious problems arise when we study the other party to these implicit agreements: the embryo. To start with, it lacks consciousness (in the sense that is needed for signing an enforceable and valid contract). Can a contract be validated even if one of the "signatories" lacked this sine qua non trait? In the absence of consciousness, there is little point in talking about free will.

Sex and Violence in Romeo and Juliet

â€Å"I fear this but a dream, too sweet to be substantial,† are the soft words uttered from star-crossed lovers caught in the chaotic instability that permeates Franco Zeffirilli’s Romeo and Juliet (1968), Baz Lurman’s Romeo + Juliet (1996), and John Madden’s Shakespear and Love (1998). Although there are significant differences in each movie’s portrayal of Juliet and her Romeo, they accurately depict Freud’s ideas concerning love and human tendencies. In â€Å"The Einstein-Freud Correspondence,† Freud explains that in nature, violence rules everywhere. Einstein questions mankind’s lust for destruction and Freud affirms that man has two basic instincts: sex and violence. The constant state of instability and antagonism between humankind in nature makes peace unavoidable. In the case of Romeo and Juliet, love can attempt to rebel against the specter of war, but it is always beaten down. Tragically, Romeo and Juliet’s love is inextricably entwined with the aggression that plagues their feuding families. Both Romeo and Juliet try to fight the hostility with love, but all psychical acts (according to Freud) occur in an atmosphere of constraint, and the tension between one’s impulses, and what society will allow, creates an unavoidable instability. Each movie is an interesting interpretation of Shakespeare’s masterpiece; however, Zeffirilli’s Romeo and Juliet is the best representation of true love and human tendencies. Though extremely witty and entertaining, Madden’s Shakespeare in Love does not represent true love and human nature. One of Madden’s central devices is to create a background of events, large and small, drawn from Will Shakespeare's daily life. For example, in the opening scenes Madden shows Will strolling through town hearing lines shouted out from town criers such as â€Å"a plague on both your houses! † Moreover, Madden poses Will as at a loss for inspiration. Hence, William gets the foundations of his next play (Romeo and Juliet) from a chance encounter with a rival poet. Madden’s use of time and space is key to the progression of Will’s character. The events in the queen’s quarters, the tensions between the two playhouses, and the auditions for Will’s new play set up the meeting for the beautiful Viola. Madden creates a real narrative outside the realm of the story of Romeo and Juliet which explains how the masterpiece came to be. For example, the battle between two playhouses, The Rose and The Curtain, is transformed into the feud between the two noble houses of Montague and Capulet in imaginary Verona. Another interesting theme is the idea of chaos. In numerous moments it seems all will be lost, but as Henslow says several times when asked how everything will work it, he answers, â€Å"I don’t know, it’s a mystery. † Among the chaos, Will’s love and inspiration for fair Viola is the fuel that keeps the fire burning. In other words, Romeo and Juliet's modern adapters direct the spectator's attention to what might have been the inspiration for Shakespeare’s work. Nevertheless, with love, comes violence (as mentioned above). What produces the lovers' calamity is the depth of their feelings. The truth is, even in a world built on such unfavorable foundations, it should take much more to destroy love. William’s and Viola’s love, on the other hand, is not the best testament to true love. It proves much weaker than the civilization. In the final scenes, the queen decrees Viola leave with her husband. Society succeeds in oppressing their love without resistance. If their love were true, they would fight with every last breath to be together. Lurhman’s Romeo + Juliet, like Madden’s Shakespeare and Love, falls short of true love as well. Unlike Zeffirilli, Lurhman set out with the intention of making a modern day Romeo and Juliet with great success. He plays brilliantly with love in relation to time and nature. He toys with time in the opening gang warfare scene, playing the typical montage introduction of the players through a series of speedy zooms that isolate, in turn, the important characters on screen. His use of color and chaos is perfectly representative of Freud’s ideas concerning constant instability. Not only that, but his choice in music creates dramatic setting. The movie itself has numerous speed-up moments but is slowed down in critical scenes to allow viewers to soak up every bit of information. For example, the fight scene is particularly profound. Tasteful music backs the thunder, clouds, and darkness that envelope the screen as Mercutio dies. It is a perfect example of nature coming in and playing a role in the movie. Lurhman does an amazing job with his timing because he allows the viewer to slow down and soak every drop of the scene. One of the most important misreadings of Romeo + Juliet occurs during Mercutio’s Queen Mab speech. Normally interpreted as the drunken improvisation of a jesting wit in relation to dreams, here Mercutio is speaking about the drug ecstasy. Playing to modern times, Lurhman has Romeo take the ecstasy before heading to the Capulet ball. The meeting scene between Romeo and Juliet is thus overshadowed by the fact that Romeo has just taken a drug that inspires enormous amounts of pleasure. Consequently, the implication is that the relationship is founded on artificial feelings. One could argue that Romeo washes away the effects of the drugs in the sink prior to the Juliet-aquarium meeting, but ecstasy does not wear off that easily. True, the rest of the movie holds fast to the love tragedy that is Romeo and Juliet, but the drug-induced meeting is questionable in terms of true love. Finally, Zeffirilli’s old Romeo and Juliet is the best example of true love and human nature. Not to mention the style, dialogue, setting, costumes, and music in Zeffirilli’s version are closely related to the themes and feel of Shakespeare’s famous play. From the opening scenes, the viewer is taken into the old world and shown the incredible violence and resentment between the two houses. Within the first ten minutes, the viewers are given a picture of the impermeable violence similar to that which Einstein wished to stop in his correspondence with Freud. Perhaps love could settle the inherent violence that permeates human nature? In the case of Romeo and Juliet, there love cannot, but it is pure and true. The meeting scene between the lovers is one of absolute beauty. Romeo’s playful pursuit of Juliet is simple, yet elegant. The scene commences at the beginning of a serene song by a boy (incredible choice by Zeffirilli) leading up to the first act of aggression: Romeo’s hand touching Juliet’s. Although their love is forbidden by their family names, it continues to grow. Unfortunately, their time and space is limited and the constraint on their bond is too great. Their suffering is due to the fact that they do not understand what love can accomplish. Instead of uniting the families, they cause a fresh slice in an already open wound. However, the reason they never progress and mature in their love is because of the tragedies of civilization and the violence inherent in it (as mentioned above). Hatred among men rages without restraint, and for Romeo, it causes him to kill Tybalt, a newly made family member. Censored wishes of the â€Å"Id† arise up and transform Romeo when he says, â€Å"Take back the villain that thou gavest me, for fire, fury be my conduct now! † The exile and eventual plot to unite the forbidden lovers is thwarted again by time and space. Zeffirilli’s final scenes are wet with tragedy as Romeo passes the donkey on horseback, which has the letter explaining the father’s plan. Finally, Romeo is unable to live without his Juliet because his love for her is something more. She is a part of him and without her; he has no reason to continue breathing. The sum of one lover’s bliss is reliant on the life of his love. If he or she is dead and their love is true, then the lover has no choice but death. Both Einstein and Freud would agree that the Montagues and Capulets (in Zeffirilli’s and Lurman’s masterpieces) represent civilization and human kind’s natural form of aggressiveness. Juliet remarks after the potent â€Å"love-at-first-sight† scene in Romeo and Juliet, â€Å"my only love sprung from my only hate. † The brilliance of the two lovers’ story is the ancient hatred between their families. Conversely, the tragedy of them is that love connects the characters no more to happiness than it does to sorrow, turmoil and murder. Unfortunately, the two young lovers live under the illusion of physical freedom from the duties and constraints of their families/civilization. The hatred between the Montagues and Capulets is deep-rooted and rages on without restraint (much like society today). Romeo and Juliet’s love is eloquent and passionate but without solidity. It cannot hope to combat the aggression plaguing them. Freud states, â€Å"love is†¦best understood clinically as a response to stimuli† (Freud, 524). The issue is that the stimuli are too short lived. However, what is true love? It is the perpetual question that echoes through the corridors of time with answers always varying. Yet love has a correspondence with time. The way it begins, takes shape, and changes is relative to time and space. In each of the movies, the time and space of Romeo and Juliet’s love is portrayed in the background as apposed to the foreground. The visuals, music, and emotion strike at the subconscious, leaving the viewer in awe. Madden, Lurhman, and Zeffirilli create masterpieces that people desire and want to see. In conclusion, Freud would argue the lovers must understand that human consciousness exists in perpetual tension and instability. Not only that, but true love offers complete happiness to the lovers. In his lectures, Freud gives a poem from Goeth’s Westostlicher Diwan as an example of real love: So it is held, so well may be; But down a different track I come; Of all the bliss on earth hold for me I in Zuleika find the sum (Freud, 520). The lovers find the sum of all bliss in each other if their love is true. However, the power and sum of their love does not mean it can combat the nature of violence and society. Each film, respectively, depicts Freud’s ideas on true love and human nature. Though, human nature can be redefined as violence and aggression. Freedom is limited in each one of the Shakespearean films because the tension between one’s impulses and what society will allow creates an inevitable instability. Both Einstein and Freud would agree that try as the fiery lovers might, nature and violence of the instilled houses of Verona will stop there love from flourishing into something greater.

The Greed Cycle Essay - 836 Words

Article Review: - The Greed Cycle, by John Cassidy The article by Thomas Cassidy, points out the instrumental role that greed plays in the modern corporation. Modern Economists have always seen greed as not only a necessary element in the corporate environment, but as also a vital part of the successful evolution of a public company. As the article points out, â€Å"Economists from Adam Smith to Milton Friedman have seen greed as an inevitable and, in some ways, desirable feature of capitalism. In a well regulated and well balanced economy, greed helps to keep the system expanding†. In the early public companies, greed was not seen as a danger, as the implicit trust that managers would not slack off, and would run the company in the†¦show more content†¦They went on to state that competition would not solve this dilemma. This lead to a re-evaluation of the goal of corporations, from merely maximizing revenues, to maximize the value of the firm, as it was determined in the stock market. Once the goal of corporations became maximizing the value of the firm, they attracted wealthy â€Å"corporate raiders†, who used this new corporate philosophy to launch many takeover attempts on companies, with the intent on restructuring these companies, as to increase their stock prices, so that they can â€Å"refloat† them for a considerable profit. Most of these takeovers were financed with borrowed money, hence the term lever ­aged buyouts, or LBOs. As the article states, â€Å"In a typical LBO, the acquirer would buy out the public stockholders and run the com ­pany as a private concern, slashing costs and slimming it down. The ultimate aim was to refloat the company on the stock market at a higher valuation†. Initially this was seen as one of the best remedies for the agency issues that surfaced between shareholders and mangers. However as the economic climate changed, many realized that the LBO was not the answer. â€Å"When the economy went int o a reces ­sion during the early nineteen nineties, many of the firms that had gone private, such as Macy’s and Revco, couldn’t keep up their interestShow MoreRelatedThe Rocking Horse Winner Literary Analysis1048 Words   |  5 PagesThe greed for wealth and materialistic objects is an intrinsic component of human nature. It plays a crucial role as motivation for one to work to achieve financial success. However, when one singularly focuses on money and ignores all else, their greed becomes detrimental to their state of mind. 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